单能与双能X线吸收法测量骨密度的比较  

Comparison of single X ray absorptiometry and dual energy X ray absorptiometry in bone mineral density measurements

作　　者：秦明伟[1] 林守清[1] 宋忠良[1] 田均平[1] 陈凤领[1] 严洪珍[1] 葛秦生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院放射科

出　　处：《生殖医学杂志》1997年第3期137-141,共5页Journal of Reproductive Medicine

摘　　要：应用单能Ｘ线测量（ＳＸＡ）及双能Ｘ线测量（ＤＥＸＡ）法测量北京地区正常妇女骨密度，对两种方法进行比较，以选择反映骨丢失敏感的部位。共测量３００名，年龄为２０～７９岁，每岁５名，测量部位分别为ＳＸＡ法的非优势前臂远端（８ｍｍ－Ｄ）、１／４远端（１／４－Ｄ）、超远端（Ｕｌｔｒａ－Ｄ），ＤＥＸＡ法的腰椎正位（Ｌ２－４）、右股骨颈（Ｎｅｃｋ）、Ｗａｒｄ＇ｓ三角（Ｗａｒｄ）及粗隆区（Ｔｒｏｃｈ），两种方法各有１０名妇女进行了仪器重复性检验。Ｎｅｃｋ、Ｗａｒｄ骨密度峰值分布在２０～２９岁，Ｕｌｔｒａ－Ｄ、Ｌ２－４ＢＭＤ分布在３０～３９岁，８ｍｍ－Ｄ、１／４－Ｄ、Ｔｒｏｃｈ分布于４０～４９岁年龄组。所有部位ＢＭＤ在峰值后随年龄增长逐渐降低，８ｍｍ－Ｄ年下降率最高（１．１６％）。两种方法测得７个部位ＢＭＤ值之间均有显著相关。与绝经前相比，绝经后妇女各部位ＢＭＤ值下降迅速，尤以绝经后１１～１５年内显著，其中Ｗａｒｄ三角下降率最高为４２．９％。Objective: Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in normal Chinese women with single X ray absorptiometry (SXA) and dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The measurements were compared for site sensitivity in reflecting bone loss. Methods: Measurements were performed in 300 women aged 20￣79 (5 for each age).The distal, 1/4 distal,ultra distal site of the nondominant forearm were measured with SXA;the AP spine (L2 4),right femoral neck (Neck),Ward's triangle (Ward) and trochantor (Troch) were measured with DEXA. 10 women had 5 repeated measurements to evaluate the reproducibility of the equipments. Results: The BMD peak for Neck and Ward occurred between age 20￣29, for ultra and L2 4 at 30￣ 39,for distal,1/4 distal and Troch at 40￣49.After reaching the peak,BMD at all sites decreased with increasing age.The highest rate of yearly loss of BMD was at distal.Results of measurement showed significant correlation between SXA and DEXA.Comparing with premenopause, the bone loss of postmenopause was fast and highest up to 11￣15 years and the highest rate was at the Ward. Conclusion: The present study gives the normal values of BMD at seven sites for normal Chinese women.The times of BMD peak values were different at seven sites.The yearly loss of BMD was highest at 8 mm distal, it seemed to be the sensitive region for bone loss with age.The postmenopausal women had highly significantly loss bone mass than the premenopausal women.Comparing with premenopause,postmenopause BMD for Ward's triangle with DEXA seemed to be most sensitive to the effect of menopause.

关 键 词：骨密度 骨质疏松 绝经 光密度测定 X线 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学] R588.6[医药卫生—外科学]