出入境特殊物品卫生检疫监管措施探讨  

Discussion on the measure of sanitation quarantine and supervision for entry-exit special articles

作　　者：刘文正[1] 胡命侨[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳出入境检验检疫局,深圳518045

出　　处：《口岸卫生控制》2008年第5期20-24,共5页Port Health Control

摘　　要：该文简要介绍了现行出入境特殊物品监管措施,分析了2006-2007年深圳口岸特殊物品出入境情况,结果表明:经深圳口岸出入境特殊物品具有批次多、数量少,以进口医学科研用生物制品类特殊物品为主的特点。基于对出入境特殊物品种类/数量越来越多,传染病传入传出风险越来越高,以及存在恐怖分子通过邮寄或携带含有病原微生物特殊物品进出境的方式进行恐怖活动可能的认识,现对目前出入境特殊物品审批、查验、后续管理环节中存在的相关问题进行了分析,提出了完善监管的对策:一是对出入境特殊物品申请主体进行一定限制,并强化申请者责任;二是对特殊物品类别重新进行梳理和明晰,避免不同部门在对同一种物品是否属于特殊物品判别上的不一致;三是建立特殊物品相关主管部门、入境口岸和目的地检验检疫局的协作机制,强化后续管理,构筑互联互动的监管网络;四是建立低风险特殊物品的核销制度。This article has intruduced current supervisory and adminstrative measures of entry-exit special articles （microorganisms, human tissue, biological products, blood and hemoproducts） and analysed the status of entry-exit special articles in Shenzhen Port. The results show that the entry-exit products from Shenzhen port are characterized by more lots, less amount and mainly used in biological research. Based on the knowlegde that the types and amount of entry-exit special articles have been increasing, the risk of infectious disease spread has become growing and the possibility of horror activities using entry-exit special articles is present, the writer analyses existing problems arising in the process of approving, inspecting and managing entry-exit special articles, then puts forward solutions for improving supervision and administration of the articles. The solutions are as the following： First, to put restrictions on applicants of special article entry/exit and exert more responsibilities on them. Second, to specify the types of special articles and avoid discreapancy in judgement. Third, to establish coordinating mechanism between competent authorities and inspection and quarantine organizations at point of entry and freight destination, and build communicative network. Fourth, to formulate verifying and writing-off system for low-risk special articles.

关 键 词：特殊物品 检验检疫 监督管理 

分 类 号：R185.3[医药卫生—流行病学]