中西部50县农村地区1～4岁儿童免疫接种现况及影响因素分析  

The immunization status and related factors of children aged 1 -4 in 50 counties＇ rural areas of Midwestern China

作　　者：段萍[1] 王媛媛[1] 王燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院妇幼系,北京100083

出　　处：《中国卫生信息管理杂志》2007年第5期83-87,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Informatics and Management

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会资助项目（项目编号0135YH601-11）至谢：本研究得到了卫生部妇社司儿童处、联合国儿童基金会驻中国办事处的支持,本研究现场调查部分得到项目省、县各级卫生部门及疾病控制中心和有关人员的积极配合,在此深表感谢!

摘　　要：目的分析中西部50个县农村地区1～4岁儿童免疫接种的现况及影响因素。方法利用“中国卫生部-9联合国儿童基金会2006～2010年母子系统保健项目”的基线调查数据，按2003年中国卫生部规定的预防接种合格标准进行儿童免疫接种率的计算及相关的影响因素分析。结果①共调查了3317名儿童的免疫接种情况，乙肝疫苗、百白破疫苗、麻疹疫苗、脊灰糖丸、卡介苗的单苗合格接种率分别为64．2％、73．3％、74．1％、80．8％、89．5％，五苗全程合格接种率仅为41．1％；②当地儿童的免疫接种情况受其出生时间、所在地区、家庭经济水平、主要看护人受教育程度和是否独生子女等因素的影响。结论当地儿童的免疫接种情况还相对落后，应进一步加强当地的计划免疫工作和健康教育，尤其要针对某些特定人群进行重点干预。Objective To analyze the immunization status and related factors of children aged 1 -4 in 50 counties＇ rural areas of Midwestern China. Methods Using the baseline data of ＂MOH＆UNICEF 2006 -2010 mother and baby package project＂, to analyze children＇s immunization rates according to the criteria framed by MOH in 2003 and to analyze the influence factors as well. Results 1. 3317 children＇s immunization situations were surveyed. The coverage rates of HBV, DTP, Measles vaccine, OPV and BCG. were 64.2% , 73.3% , 74. 1% , 80. 8% and 89.5qv , and the coverage rate of all five vaccines was 41.1%. 2. The children＇s immunization was influenced by the year of birth, living areas, the level of family＇s economy, the caregiver＇s educational level and whether to be a single child. Conclusion In these areas, the children＇s immunization status had still been a low level, the EPI and health education should be strengthened, especially paying emphases to certain special -charactertics targets.

关 键 词：免疫接种 儿童 农村地区 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R186[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]