甘肃兴隆山养麝场高山麝死亡原因初步分析  

Preliminary studies on causes of death of Alpine musk deer(Moschus chrysogaster) at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm, Gansu

作　　者：康发功 刘志霄[2] 张学炎 汪承华[2] 邓凯东[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃兴隆山国家级自然保护区管理局,兰州730117 [2]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院生态研究所,吉首416000

出　　处：《兽类学报》2008年第4期430-433,共4页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570279)

摘　　要：We analyzed 254 deaths caused by diseases in captive Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) from 1998 to 2005 at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm,Gansu.Among the eight categories of diseases,respiratory system diseases had the highest incidence rate of 26.8%, followed by motor system diseases (16.5%), digestive and nutritive diseases (14.6%), unidentified diseases (14.2%),cardiovascular system diseases (13%),urinary system diseases (9.8%),nervous system diseases (3.5%), and reproductive system diseases (1.6%).The percentages of dead males were higher than those of the females for deaths caused by digestive system and nutritive diseases(♂62.2%),cardiovascular system diseases (60.6%), nervous system diseases (66.7%), unidentified diseases (61.1%), and particularly the urinary system diseases (up to 84%), and the male to female ratio of deaths caused by all the diseases was (♂∶♀) 1∶0.76, showing a male-skewed mortality. The mortality of newborn and fawns was relatively high, and the percentage of deaths in one-and two-year-old deer was 51.6% of the total, but those decreased with deer age. The relationship between the economic benefit in the farming of musk deer and the prevention of diseases were discussed. Finally, we offered a strategy to control the incidence of diseases by regarding the musk deer as a solitary species.We analyzed 254 deaths caused by diseases in captive Alpine musk deer （Moschus chrysogaster） from 1998 to 2005 at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm,Gansu.Among the eight categories of diseases,respiratory system diseases had the highest incidence rate of 26.8%, followed by motor system diseases （16.5%）, digestive and nutritive diseases （14.6%）, unidentified diseases （14.2%）,cardiovascular system diseases （13%）,urinary system diseases （9.8%）,nervous system diseases （3.5%）, and reproductive system diseases （1.6%）.The percentages of dead males were higher than those of the females for deaths caused by digestive system and nutritive diseases（♂62.2%）,cardiovascular system diseases （60.6%）, nervous system diseases （66.7%）, unidentified diseases （61.1%）, and particularly the urinary system diseases （up to 84%）, and the male to female ratio of deaths caused by all the diseases was （♂∶♀） 1∶0.76, showing a male-skewed mortality. The mortality of newborn and fawns was relatively high, and the percentage of deaths in one-and two-year-old deer was 51.6% of the total, but those decreased with deer age. The relationship between the economic benefit in the farming of musk deer and the prevention of diseases were discussed. Finally, we offered a strategy to control the incidence of diseases by regarding the musk deer as a solitary species.

关 键 词：高山麝(马麝) 兴隆山养麝场 疾病 死亡原因 

分 类 号：S851.33[农业科学—预防兽医学]