龟纹瓢虫对烟粉虱和棉蚜取食选择及适合度比较研究  

Preference and Fitness of Propylea japonica (Thunberg) Feeding Cotton Aphid,Aphis gossypii Glover,and Cotton Whitefly,Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

作　　者：刘万学[1] 张毅波[1] 万方浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《中国生物防治》2008年第4期293-297,共5页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2002CB111407);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD08A17)

摘　　要：基于近年来棉田烟粉虱数量上升并与棉蚜呈混合或交替发生的态势,比较研究了棉田.优势捕食性天敌龟纹瓢虫对棉蚜和烟粉虱的取食偏好和食物适合度。结果显示,龟纹瓢虫不同虫态对烟粉虱若虫和棉蚜均具有较好的捕食作用;在棉蚜和烟粉虱若虫不同比例共存的情况下,龟纹瓢虫成虫均显著地偏好取食棉蚜;空间增大和蚜虫数量不足有助于增加龟纹瓢虫成虫对烟粉虱若虫的控制效应。取食烟粉虱若虫和棉蚜若虫的龟纹瓢虫幼虫均能完成生长发育,对后代成虫性比亦无影响;但取食烟粉虱若虫的龟纹瓢虫幼虫期延长3d,死亡率升高5.45倍,幼虫和成虫体重明显减轻;成虫取食烟粉虱若虫不能满足其产卵的营养需求。综合分析认为,棉田具有一定数量(经济域值以下)的棉蚜,有利于增加龟纹瓢虫对烟粉虱的控制效应。In view of the increasing population size of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） and its mixed or overlapping occurrence with Aphis gossypii Glover in cotton field, feeding preference of predatory natural enemy Propylea japonica （Thunberg） to A. gossypii and B. tabaci, and its offspring development fitness were compared. Results show that larvae and adults of P. japonica could predate nymphs of B. tabaci and A. gossypii ; but the adults preferred A. gossypii when the two preys coexisted. In enlarged space or at reduced population size of A. gossypii, predacious efficiency on the whiteflies increased. Although P. japonica larvae feeding nymphs of the two pests could complete development and moulted into adults of the same sex ratio, those feeding whitefly nymphs showed significantly longer durations （3 d longer）, increased morality （by 5.45 fold） and dramatically decreased weight. The beetle adults feeding whitefly nymphs layed fewer eggs.

关 键 词：龟纹瓢虫 烟粉虱 棉蚜 取食偏好 适合度 

分 类 号：S435.622.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.2[农业科学—植物保护]