光质对生姜叶片光合特性的影响  

Effect of Light Quality on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Ginger Leaves

作　　者：张瑞华[1,2] 徐坤[1] 董灿兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]潍坊职业学院农业工程系,山东潍坊261041

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2008年第11期3722-3727,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家“948”项目(2006-G15);山东省博士后科研项目专项经费资助(200603045)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨光质对苗期生姜叶片光能利用及光合特性的影响,为生姜苗期遮光处理提供理论依据。【方法】以莱芜大姜为试材,采用不同颜色塑料薄膜及尼龙纱网进行苗期遮光处理,创造光强相同而光质不同的环境条件,测定叶片叶绿素荧光参数、光合速率和光呼吸速率日变化及光合特征参数。【结果】不同处理叶片叶绿素荧光参数日变化动态相似,但叶片Fv/Fm、Fv’/Fm’、ΦPSⅡ、qP和光化学反射指数(PRI)均以绿膜处理最高,其次为蓝膜和白膜处理,红膜处理最低;而PSⅠ和PSⅡ间激发能分配不平衡偏离系数(β/α-1)和NPQ则以绿膜处理最低,蓝膜、白膜和红膜处理依次升高。叶片Pn日变化均为有明显午休的双峰曲线,但由高到低依次为绿膜、白膜、红膜、蓝膜;而Pr及Pr/Pn则相反。红膜处理叶片AQY较高而光补偿点较低;绿膜处理叶片CE、RuBP最大再生速率及光饱和光合速率较高。【结论】适当增加遮光光质中绿光比例,生姜叶片午间光抑制程度较轻,PSⅠ和PSⅡ间线性电子传递协调性较好,激发能热耗散较低,光能利用效率较高。因此,绿膜处理叶片适应强光能力较强,Pn较高。[ Objective ] Effect of light quality on the characteristics of light energy utilization and photosynthesis in leaves was studied in order to provide theoretic references for shading ginger at seedling stage. [Method] The diurnal changes of chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic characteristics and photorespiration in leaves of ginger cv. Laiwu grown in tunnel where light intensity was the same but light quality was different by covering with different colored plastic film and colorless nylon net at seedling stage. [Result] Though the diurnal variation of chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of different treatments was similar, the maximal photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm）, the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSⅡ reaction centers （Fv＇/Fm＇）, quantum yield of PSⅡ （ΦpsⅡ）, photochemical quenching coefficient （qP） and photochemical reflectance index （PRI） of leaves treated with green film was the highest, followed by blue, white or red film in rum. In contrast, green, blue, white or red film induced the relative deviation （β/α-1） from full balance between two photosystems and nonphotochemical quenching （NPQ） increased in turn. The daily changing pattern of net photosynthetic rate （Pn） in lcaves of different treatments was two-peak-type, the values with green film treatment was the highest, followed by white, red or blue film in order from high to low, while that of photorespiration （Pr） and Pr/Pn was reverse. Red film induced the highest apparent quantum yield （AQY） and the lowest compensation point （LCP）. In parallel, green film induced the highest carboxylation efficiency （CE） and maximum regeneration rate of RuBP as well as the maximum photosynthetic rate （Pmax）.[ Conclusion]Increasing the ratio of green light in light quality could reduce the photoinhibition, make the correspondence of transferring electron between PSI and PSII well, decrease heat dissipation of excitation energy, enhance the light energy utilization efficiency. There

关 键 词：生姜 有色膜 光质 光能利用 光合特性 

分 类 号：S632.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]