对坝系相对稳定几个重要问题的认识  

Cognition on Several Important Problems About Relative Stablility of Dam System

作　　者：朱小勇[1] 雷元静[2] 刘立斌[3] 

机构地区：[1]黄委会黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003 [2]黄委会宣传出版中心 [3]黄委会绥德水土保持科学试验站

出　　处：《中国水土保持》1997年第7期53-56,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

摘　　要：在沟道内如单坝能实现相对稳定,则坝系也可实现相对稳定,而坝系相对稳定并不是指每个单坝都有可能和必要全部达到相对稳定.坝系相对稳定的最大设计单元控制在面积30—50km^2的小流域内比较符合实际.坝系建设与坡面治理之间有着密不可分的联系,坡面治理具有减洪滞洪作用,可使坝系达到相对稳定所需的坝库数量及单坝高度相应缩减,从而减少坝系工程规模,缩短坝系相对稳定的形成时间,提高坝地的利用率和保收率.目前所采用的坝系相对稳定系数(淤地面积与坝控制面积之比)反映了流域坡面产流产沙与坝系滞洪拦沙之间的平衡关系,但有一定局限性,应以此系数为中心建立一套能全面描述坝系相对稳定状态的指标体系.In a gully, dam system can realize relative stability if each single dam reaches relative stability, relative stability of dam system doesn' t mean that each dam reaches relative stability possibly and necessarily . The maximum design unit of relative stability of dam system should be controlled in a small watershed with area of 30 ~ 50 km^(2). Construction of dam system has close relation with control of slope. Control of slope has the effect of retaining and blocking flood, and can lessen the amount of dams and reservoirs, the height of each single dam necessary for relative stability of dam system, then reduce engineering scale of dam system, shorten the time of dam system to reach relative stability and increase the use rate and stable yield ensuring rate of dam system. The relative stability index of dam system ( ratio of silted area to controlled area) usually used at present reflects the balance relation between runoff and sedimeiit caused from slope in a watershed and flood and sediment retaining by dam system, but the index has some limitations . We should set up a set of index system which can fully describe the relative stable status of dam system with the index used now.

关 键 词：黄土高原 丘陵沟壑区 坝系 相对稳定 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学] F323.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]