上海市2007年院前急救患者流行病学调查  

An epidemiological investigation on the cases of Shanghai pre-hospital care in 2007

作　　者：郭荣峰[1] 车在前[2] 李警雷[1] 黎晓光[2] 周伟君[2] 盛慧球[2] 宋艳艳[3] 吴伟君[1] 陈尔真[2] 陆一鸣[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市医疗急救中心,上海200233 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院急诊科 [3]上海交通大学医学院统计学教研室

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2008年第11期1127-1130,共4页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生局科研基金项目（2006038）

摘　　要：目的探讨上海市2007年院前急救患者的流行病学特征。方法以上海市急救中心2007年院前急救患者数据库和同期全市人口数据为基础，对其中记录完整者进行统计分析。构成比之间比较采用Χ^2检验和确切概率法，对时间、日期和月份使用圆形分布的统计方法。结果2007年本市中心城区实施的院前急救患者中，有完整数据记录者86815人，男女比为3．89：1，老年人占84．95％。其主要疾病依次分别为创伤、脑血管病、心脏病、昏迷、高热、肿瘤急症、急腹症、妇产科急症和上消化道出血。一天中，院前急救的高峰时点为12：15，高峰时段为05：43至17：45，不同疾病的院前急救均有其高峰时点和时段；一年中，院前急救无明显高峰期，但高热、急腹症和上消化道出血的院前急救均有其高峰期。结论上海市中心城区院前急救患者有其自身的流行病学特点，因此不断完善院前急救系统建设，加强从业人员的业务培训，以适应新形势下的院前急救需求，是提高危急重患者院前急救成功率的根本保证。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the pre-hospital care cases in Shanghai in the year 2007. Method Based the demographic records in the year 2007, the cases which from the database of Shanghai pre-hospital care center with full items were analyzed. Chi-square test and exact probabilities were used to compare the constituent ratio; and the method of circular distribution was used to calculate the peak time, date and month. Results There were 86 815 patients with pre-hospital care well documented from the urban districts of Shanghai. The ratio of male to female was 3.89 ： 1. The senile patients accounted for 84.95 % of all the pre-hospital care ones. The major causes of disease in patients with pre-hospital care were trauma, cere- brovascular disease, cardiac diseases, coma, high fever, tumor emergency, acute abdomen emergency, OB/GYN emergency and upper CI tract bleeding in turn. During the daytime, the occurrence of those emergency patients with pre-hospital care usually peaked at 2：15 o＇clock with the high frequency in the period of 5：45 to 17：45 o＇clock. The top nine diseases had their own peak time and high frequency period, respectively. Within a year, no peak date occurrence of patients with prehospital care, in tolal, was found. Howerer, the occurrence of patients with high fever, acute abdomen and upper GI bleeding had specific peak dates within a year, respectively. Conclusions The pre-hospital care cases in the urban of Shanghai have own epidemiological characteristics. Perfect the construction of pre-hospital emergency care system, improving the professional training, and thereby meeting the requirements are factors in the fundamental guarantee of improving the rescue full success rate of severe patients.

关 键 词：院前急救 上海市 流行病学调查 上消化道出血 流行病学特征 流行病学特点 中心城区 高峰时点 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学] R595.7[医药卫生—治疗学]