松花江鱼类中汞含量的演变趋势及其生态风险评价  

The Evolution Rule and Ecology Risk Assessment of Mercury in Fish of Songhua River

作　　者：路永正[1] 阎百兴[1] 李宏伟[1] 王明军 郭立英 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,古林长春130012 [2]长春科技创业服务中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第6期2430-2433,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2004CB418502)

摘　　要：对第二松花江门山、哨口、五棵树以及松花江干流肇源、依兰、佳木斯和同江7个断面中12种鱼类中总汞含量分析，并利用单项评定指数法埘鱼类r卜汞污染生态风险进行评价。结果表明，第二松花江白山至五棵树江段鱼类总汞含量逐渐增加，主要与江中的采沙活动有关，而松花江十流肇源至同江江段变化不显著。肉食性鱼类总汞含量最高（0．103～0．220mg·kg^-1），而草食性鱼类最低，为0．006mg·kg^-1、松花江鱼类总汞含罐自1973年以来逐渐降低并且趋于平稳。目前，大多数鱼类都处于无生态风险或低生态风险水平。The contents of mercury in 12 kinds uf fish sampled in Baishan, Shaokou, Wukeshu sections of Dier Songhua River, and Zhaoyuan, Yilan, Jiamusi and Tongjiang sections of Main Songhua River were analyzed, and the ecology risk of mercury pollution in fish was assessed too based on single evaluation index. The results indicated that the content of mercury in fish of Baishan was the lowest, and the highest concentration was found in Wukeshu, which gradually increased from Baishan to Wukeshu section in Diet Songhua River. This reason was mainly attributed to sand-digging activity in watercourse. But the contents changed slightly from Zhaoyuan to Tongjiang in Main Songhua River and nearly kept a constant. The contents of mercury in fish of different species fullowed the order as flesh-eater〉polyhagia〉herbivorouseater, the highest（0.103-0.220 mg· kg^-1）in parasiburus asvtus, and the lowest in herbivorous fish, only 0.006 mg· kg^-1 In addition, comparing with the historic data, the change of mercury contents in fish of Songhua River could be divided two phases, an initial rapid decrease from 1973 to 1990 is folluwed by stable phase from 1990 to 2005. In present, most of fish show no or low ecology risk based on the risk assessment. The mercuury contents in fish would keep lower level if no extensive disturbing activity would be occurred.

关 键 词：松花江 鱼类 汞 演变趋势 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]