超临界CO_2提取黄姜中薯蓣皂甙元  

Supercritical CO_2 Fluid Extraction of Diosgenin from Dioscorea Zingiberensis

作　　者：李辉[1] 倪晋仁[1] 张歆[1] 黄文[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《精细化工》2008年第11期1079-1082,1096,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAB04A14)~~

摘　　要：提取黄姜皂甙元的传统工艺是以120#汽油作溶剂,存在环境污染、生产安全隐患及溶剂残留等问题;超临界CO2提取技术是解决上述弊病的有效途径,但工艺条件及对皂甙元产品的影响还未知。该文采用单因素实验方法,考察了夹带剂、萃取时间、萃取温度、萃取压力及解析温度对黄姜皂素得率的影响,并以正交实验考察了超临界CO2提取黄姜中薯蓣皂甙元的最佳工艺条件:以体积分数95%的乙醇作夹带剂,提取时间3 h、萃取压力20MPa、萃取温度60℃、解析温度50℃;各工艺参数对提取效果的影响排序为:提取时间>萃取温度>萃取压力>解析温度。最佳工艺条件下皂素得率可达19.35%,同传统工艺(得率为15.6%)相比增加了24%,且产品溶剂残留少,熔点高。Traditionally, solvent naphtha 120 was used to extract diosgenin from Dioscorea zingiberensis, which caused environmental pollution, safety problems and solvent residue in diosgenin product. Application of supercritical CO2 extraction might be an effective way to solve these problems, but the extraction conditions and effects on diosgenin product were not yet known. In this paper,it was showed that, taking 95% ethanol as the entrainer, the extraction with supercritical CO2 at 60 ℃ for 5 h under 20 MPa and depositing at 50 ℃ got most diosgenin products. According to influence priority, factors were sequenced as： extraction time, extraction temperature, extraction pressure and deposition temperature. The extraction rate was 19. 35% under the best extraction conditions,24% higher than that under traditional methods （ 15.6% ）. Besides, the diosgenin product has high melting point with less residual solvent .

关 键 词：超临界CO2提取 黄姜 薯蓣皂甙元 中药现代化技术 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程]