黑河下游典型植被下垫面与大气间能量传输模拟研究  

Simulative Experiment on Energy Transfer in APAC System at Lower Reaches of Heihe River

作　　者：冯起[1] 张艳武[2] 司建华[1] 席海洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境工程研究所阿拉善荒漠生态-水文试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2008年第6期1145-1150,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划(CXTD-Z2005-2-3);国家自然科学基金项目(40725001,40671010,40501012);中国科学院西部行动计划(二期)项目(KZCX2-XB2-04-02)

摘　　要：在分析过去地-气间相互作用的物理过程、研究进展基础上,探讨了土壤、植被、大气系统中水分与能量的传输过程在模型中不同的计算方法。同时对不同计算方法进行对比,确定了分析土壤、植被、大气系统中水分和能量传输方法的优缺点。利用黑河下游额济纳地区绿洲试验区2003年9月的大气资料作为陆面模式的强迫场,研究陆面过程模式(LSM)在极端干旱地区的模拟能力。模拟结果表明,在观测资料的强迫下,LSM能够较好地模拟出地表特征量的变化趋势。根据实际情况,定义额济纳地区绿洲的植被覆盖率为0.7,叶冠高度为1.5 m,位移高度为0.64 h,Karman常数取0.4。通过对比试验发现,采用LSM模型模拟的空气温度和地面蒸发比实际蒸发少,但地表潜热通量、辐射和土壤热通量的模拟结果与实测值的比较吻合。如果地表和植被的参数选择较好,采用LSM模型模拟本地区的陆面过程将有较好的结果。In the paper the authors reviewed research progress on water-energy physical process in SPAC system, in addition, compared the methods of calculating water-energy transfer in different models and discussed their advantages and disadvantages. The efficiency of LSM model in application to arid region was tested with forcing field data in September 2003 from Ejin Oasis Experiment at lower reaches of Heihe River. The simulation results show that the LSM model can well present the surface character tendency under observation forcing. In practice, the oasis vegetation coverage ratio is defined as 0.7, canopy height 0.25 m, displacement height 0.64 m, and Karman constant 0.4. The simulated air temperature （3 m） and surface evaporation are less than the observation, but the latent flux, radiation and soil energy flux are approximately equal. So, if the surface and vegetation parameters are suitably determined the simulation capability of the land surface process model can be better.

关 键 词：黑河下游 土壤-植被-大气系统 水分和能量传输 试验模拟 

分 类 号：S161.21[农业科学—农业气象学]