小农经济问题研究的学术史回顾与反思  

Review on the Academic History of Peasant Economy

作　　者：仲亚东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2008年第6期146-156,共11页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：自20世纪前期以来,小农经济受到经济史学界的持久关注。学者们不仅把它作为一种经济组织形式进行详细研究,还深入探讨了它与社会经济环境、文化传统的关系。受不同时期社会环境和学术环境的影响,学术界对小农经济的评价存在诸多分歧的同时,对相关问题的理性认识也逐步得到了深化。对学术史的认真梳理,可以发现小农经济本身不存在优劣之分。在社会经济环境有利时,其积极性可以得到充分的发挥,表现出良好的社会效果;当环境不利时,其积极性的发挥受到影响。面对历史上长期存在的小农经济,研究者需要对有关的逻辑关系做出解释,就此问题的探研将成为学术前进的动力。Since the early 20th century,the study on peasant economy has been a predominant theme in the subject of economic history. Researchers were not only intrigued by its existence as one type of economic organization,but also fascinated by the relationship between peasant economy and its socio-economic environments. Although the interpretation and evaluation of peasant economy has been subjected to changes of its social and academic context,the overall trend was heading toward a deepening rational understanding. From the perspective of economic historiography,peasant economy is neutral—its intrinsic character is neither good nor evil. When the social and economic surroundings are beneficial,peasant economy will keep healthy development and achieve beneficial social effects. On the contrary,if the external environments are inadvisable,the development of peasant economy will be greatly hampered. Facing the long-standing's peasant economy,researchers should seek to explain some logical relation pertaining to it,which will hopefully help to advance the academic horizon on this topic.

关 键 词：小农经济 经济史研究 学术前进 

分 类 号：F30[经济管理—产业经济]