赛前训练对我国优秀女子竞走运动员比赛成绩的影响  

Influence of Pre-competition Training on Elite Woman Race Walking Athletes in China

作　　者：李云[1] 王法祥[1] 薛爱玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2008年第11期24-26,共3页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：竞走运动员不但要具有顽强的意志品质,更重要是的要具备先天优越的心肺功能和后天通过训练所获得的超强的有氧耐力以及正确的竞走技术。我国竞技体育的科学训练原则方针是"三从一大",训练的核心就是如何从实战出发控制掌握好训练的运动量和运动强度,这就要求教练员能够在训练时正确地把握一个"度"的问题。而在运动员的训练过程中系统地进行机能监控正好是能恰当把握这个"度"的重要参考因素,因为它能及时地为教练员提供一些有针对性的运动员身体机能指标,为教练员更好、更科学地安排和掌控运动员的训练提供了更为科学的依据。而如何把握好竞走运动员的赛前训练,利用机能监控更好地为训练服务,是值得我们去不断总结和探索的重要课题,对于提高大赛前的训练效果和在大赛中取得成功的把握有着重大的作用和意义。本文旨在通过对国家队女子队员赛前训练的研究,发现赛前的训练安排须考虑运动员的身体机能状态和心理状态等因素,主要的原则是运动员训练的个性化原则。Race walking athletes should not only have a tough willpower, but also have a congenital and predominant cardiorespiratory function. In addition, aerobic endurance which is gained by training and correct race walking skill is very important. Scientific training principle in athletics sports in China is ＂three follow and one big＂, and the training core is how to control the training volume and the training intensity, which may put a question how to grasp the temperateness correctly to the trainer. However, carrying on the function monitoring in training is the very method that can grasp the temperateness correctly, because it can promptly provide some indexes of body function to the trainer, thus providing more scientific basis for the arrangement and plan of the training to the trainer. But, how to go well on training before race and how to use the indexes effectively to control the training are worth summarizing and exploring unceasingly, which plays a significant role on enhancing training effect before race and winning in the big race. Tiffs article explores the arrangements of pre - competition training and monitors the conditions of the body and psychology through the research on woman race walking athletes in pro, competition training. The main principle is principle of individuality.

关 键 词：中国 女子 优秀运动员 竞走 赛前训练 个性化原则 

分 类 号：G821[文化科学—体育训练]