热应激条件下日粮阴阳离子平衡对奶牛生产性能的影响  

Effect of Dietary Cation-anion Balance on Productive Performance of Dairy Cows in the Condition of Heat Stress

作　　者：臧长江[1,2] 王加启[1] 周振锋[1] 王连群[1,2] 国卫杰[1,2] 卜登攀[1] 王传蓉[1] 周凌云[1] 魏宏阳[1] 雒秋江[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2008年第11期101-105,共5页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家“十一五”奶业科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A032006BAD04A14);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(Ny-hyzx07-036)

摘　　要：本试验在北京安定棚沨奶牛养殖场选取75头健康的泌乳中期(104.8±12 DIM)中国荷斯坦奶牛,根据胎次(2.0±0.2)、产奶量(26.52±0.33 kg)、体重相近的原则随机分为5组,分别以添加不同水平的阴阳离子平衡盐来调整日粮DCAB值,试验共设5个处理,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组和对照组,分别饲喂DCAB值为195.76、186.68、177.77、166.94、239.12 mEq/kg DM的日粮。试验期为67 d,其中预试期7 d,正式试验期60 d。试验通过改变日粮DCAB值来研究在热应激条件下,不同DCAB值对奶牛生产性能的影响。试验结果表明,在热应激条件下,饲喂不同DCAB日粮对奶牛生产性能及乳品质产生了一定的影响,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组产奶量分别提高了1.6%和0.8%,然而试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的产奶量分别下降了2.2%和1.7%,但各试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);通过改变日粮DCAB值对乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖、总固形物及体细胞无显著影响。对牛奶中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐浓度的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。In the condition of heat stress, dietary cation-anion balance had a significantly effects on production and health of dairy cow. They can directly affect the balance of acid and base, metabolism of mineral matter, the level of enzyme and hormone. By this way, they can improve health condition, feed intake and production of dairy cow. 75 middle lactation（104.8±12 DMI） China Holstein cows come from Anding Pengfeng dairy farm of Beijing were used in this experiment. These cows were randomly divided into five groups by similar parity, milk yield and weight into five treatment groups, every group were adjusted the DCAB value by providing with different level cation-anion salt. Five group were group Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ , Ⅳ and control group, the DCAB value of these group diets were 195.76, 186.68, 177.77, 166.94 and 239. 12 m Eq/kg DM. The experimental stage were lasted 67 days, 7 days for test period beforehand and 60 days for test period. We change the DCAB value to study the effect of different DCAB value on the performance and blood chemistry of dairy cattle on the condition of heat stress. The results indicated that in the condition of heat stress, different DCAB value diet can influence the performance and the milk quality. Compared with control group, the milk yield of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ increased 1.6% and 0.8%, but the milk yield of group Ⅲ and Ⅳ decreased 2.2% and 1.7%, but the difference is not significant （P〉0.05）. However, the milk fat rate, milk protein rate, lactose, total solids mass and somatic cell count were not significantly affected by change the DCAB value of the diets. Meanwhile, the concentration of nitric acid salt and nitrous acid salt in milk were not significantly affected by these diets（P〉0.05）.

关 键 词：DCAB 热应激 奶牛 生产性能 

分 类 号：S816.71[农业科学—饲料科学]