小翅雏蝗生物学和生态学的研究  

Studies on the Biology and Ecology of Chorthippus fallax (Zubovsky)

作　　者：刘长仲[1] 王保梅 吴栋国 马隆喜 智华 冯光翰[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护系,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省草原总站,兰州730046 [3]夏河草原站,夏河747100

出　　处：《草地学报》1997年第4期269-274,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：农业部"八五"重点科研项目

摘　　要：1989－1994年在甘肃省夏河县甘加高山草原的研究结果表明，小翅雏蝗1年发生1代，其卵在地下1．5－3cm土层中越冬，翌年6月上、中旬当5cm土层平均土温达14．3℃左右时开始孵化出土，6月下旬至7月上旬为孵化出土盛期。7月下旬始见成虫，8月中、下旬成虫开始产卵，9月上旬至中旬末为产卵盛期。整个蝗蝻期为55．28±9．86天，成虫寿命为43.90±12．16天。在自然条件下蝗蝻期的发育起点温度为8．2641±0.3948℃，有效积温为230．2790±20．8193日度。应用历年5月中旬5cm土层平均土温和6月上旬平均气温，建立发生高峰期的预测模型。此外，根据历年5月上旬降水量，建立发生量的预测模型。The life history, developmental zero and ecological factors affecting occurrence of Chor-thippus fallax were studied on Ganjia High Mountain Grassland in Xiahe County, Gansu Province during 1989 ~ 1994. The results shows that the pest has only one generation per year . The eggs pass the overwinter in soil, and hatch begins in the first ten days or second ten days in June of the next year when the mean soil temperature is 14. 3℃ or so, and the peak period of hatch occur in 50m in surface soil from thelast ten days in June to the first ten days July. The adults occur in the last ten days in July, and the peakperiod of laying occur from the first ten days to the last period of the second ten days of September. Thedevelopment of the nymphs undergoes about 55 days, and the longevity of the adults lasts for M days or so. The developmental zero of the nymph stage is 8. 2641℃ under field condition, and the effective accu-mulative temperature is 230.2790 day degrees. The linear regression eqqation expressing the close rela-tionship between the peak period and the mean soil temperature in the second ten days of May and the mean temperature in the first ten days of June was established. In addition, an eqquation expressing therelationship between the occurrence number and precipitation in the first ten days of May.

关 键 词：小翅雏蝗 生活史 发育起点温度 预测模型 草原 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]