马克思和恩格斯对未来社会产权形式的探讨——《德意志意识形态》的原版阅读与时代境遇下的再思考  

Exploration of the Form of Property Ownership in Future Society by Marx and Engels

作　　者：魏小萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院哲学所,北京100732

出　　处：《教学与研究》2008年第11期65-71,共7页Teaching and Research

摘　　要：财产所有制问题是马克思和恩格斯批判资本主义社会、设想共产主义社会的核心问题,它几乎存在于他们各个阶段的作品中。受着当时各种社会主义思潮和共产主义思潮的影响,马克思和恩格斯的批判直接指向私有财产所有制,与此相应,提出了在一定的历史发展阶段以共产主义的财产公有制取代财产私有制的针对性方案。然而从德文词汇上来看,与私有制相对而言的财产所有制形式可以用"公有"、"共有"、"公共所有"和"社会所有"等不同方式来表达,马克思和恩格斯又提出了"联合起来的个人所有"概念。对此,我们尝试着以《德意志意识形态》原文本为阅读基础,在不同表达方式与其所表达的内容上进行关联性认识,并通过这样的认识进一步获得对马克思和恩格斯相关思想的准确理解,进而对事物本身进行深入的认识。Property ownership is a core issue based on which Marx and Engels criticized capitalism and suggested communism. It was mentioned in their works of almost all periods of time. Influenced by the various schools of thoughts concerning socialism and communism, Marx and Engels directed their criticism to the private ownership. In accordance with this, they proposed that at a certain point in history private ownership would be replaced by public ownership of communism. However, judging from the German lexicon, there are several words with the meaning contrary to private ownership. The counterpart of the word private can be expressed by public own ership, general ownership, or society ownership. Marx and Engels had also raised a concept of ＂ownership by united individuals＂. The paper discusses this idea by dwelling on the different German expressions based on the original work of German Ideology. It is meant to gain accurate understanding of relevant ideas of Marx and Engels in order to obtain a more profound understanding of the issue property ownership.

关 键 词：财产所有制 私有制 公共所有 联合起来的个人所有 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学] A811.2[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]