电介质极化的研究  

Study on the Polarization of Dielectric Medium

作　　者：任丽英[1] 于斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院物理系,山西忻州034000 [2]首都师范大学物理系,北京100037

出　　处：《西华大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第6期95-97,共3页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：把电介质看成大量微观带电粒子组成的电荷体系,从电磁学的基本公式出发,利用矢量分析和电动力学的有关公式,通过定量计算得出单个原子在空间某处产生的电势相当于一个电偶极子的势,从理论层次说明分子或原子固有电矩的存在、电介质分子的分类、电介质在外电场中的极化模型及电介质极化的规律。In this paper,the authors consider the dielectric as the charge system formed by numerous charged particles.Proceeding from the fundamental formula,using the vector analysis and the formulas of electrodynamics and by quantitative calculation,it is concluded that electric potential created by a single atom in space is equivalent to the potential of electric dipole.This demonstrates the existence of inherent polar moment of atom or molecular,the classification of dielectric molecular and the laws of dielectric medium of the outer electric field polarization and the model and formulas of polarizing dielectric medium by external electric field.

关 键 词：电介质 宏观物理量 多极展开 平均电场 固有电矩 

分 类 号：O361.2[理学—流体力学]