土地利用集约度的测度方法  

Measurement of Land Use Intensity

作　　者：李秀彬[1] 朱会义[1] 谈明洪[1] 辛良杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2008年第6期12-17,共6页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家科技部科技支撑计划(2006BAB15B02)

摘　　要：针对土地利用集约度测度混乱的状况,文章从投入指标还是产出指标、实物指标还是价值指标、综合测度还是分项测度、单纯测度还是复合测度以及初级集约度还是次级集约度测度等五个方面,辨析了土地利用集约度的概念,评价了各种测度方法的特点和应用范围。认为土地集约利用或粗放利用,本身不是土地利用的目标,是实现土地合理利用的两种基本途径。其本质是资源的替代。把土地集约利用定义为用资本和劳动来替代土地资源的现象,使集约度变化与用途转换这两种土地利用变化类型联系起来。提出从土地利用变化研究的角度出发,土地利用集约度的基本测度指标应为单位时间单位土地面积上的资本和劳动的投入数量,产出指标只可以作为代用指标。从土地利用变化研究需求的角度,对土地集约度指标的选择提出了建议。In view of the chaotic state of its measurements, the article discriminates several different concepts and the corresponding measurements of land use intensity and appraises the characteristics and application field of these measurement methods. These measures include input or output indicators, physical or monetary indicators, overall indices or single-item measurement, within-type or across-type measurement, and measurement of primary or secondary intensity. This paper claims that land use intensification or disintensification are two essential ways to realize reasonable utilization of land resources, rather than themselves the targets of land use. The essence of land intensification （or disintensification） is the resource substitution. Thus land intensification can be defined as a phenomenon of employing capital or labor to substitute land resources, through which the relationship can be constructed between two types of land use changes, namely, quantity and intensity changes of land use. In order to serve the study of land use changes, the basic measure of land use intensity should be input of capital and labor per unit land area during the specific spell, while the output indices can only be regarded as the surrogate ones. Finally, from the viewpoint of the demand of land use change studies, some suggestions are given for the index selection of land use intensity.

关 键 词：土地利用集约度 测度指标 土地利用变化 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]