知觉流畅性对系列位置效应的影响——再认、早晚判断、图词判断的比较  

Influence of Perceptual Fluency on Serial Position Effect——A Comparison Among Recognition,Early/Late and Picture/Word Judgment

作　　者：郭秀艳[1] 朱磊[1] 沈泱[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理学系,上海200062

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2008年第6期99-106,116,共9页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：全国教育科学"十五"重点课题(CBA050037);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题(05JZD00034)

摘　　要：以往对系列位置效应的研究往往关注于项目的记忆存储机制,而忽略了项目所涉及的加工成分。鉴于此,文章引入知觉流畅性变量来分离记忆任务中的自动化加工和意识性加工,同时,采用了三种不同的短时记忆任务,以考察自动化加工与不同系列位置上项目的相关性。结果发现:(1)短时记忆任务中出现了系列位置效应;(2)随着测验任务中自动化和意识性加工贡献的不同,首尾项受知觉流畅性大小的影响也不同。据此推论,系列中首尾项与中间项涉及的自动化加工水平可能是系列位置效应的一个原因。Most researches in the past on the serial position effect tended to focus on its store mechanisms while neglecting the processing of each serial item. Herein, in this study the perceptual fluency is used to dissociate the automatic and conscious processing in memorization tasks. At the same time, three different kinds of short-term memory tasks are used to investigate the correlation between the automatic processing and serial items. It turns out to be ： （ 1 ） there is a serial position effect found in the short-term memory task; （ 2 ） the degree to which the recollection of the beginning and ending items is influenced by perceptual fluency varies depending on the contributions made by automatic processing and conscious processing respectively in testing tasks. Thus it is concluded that the automatic processing the beginning and ending items and the middle items involve may be a cause for the serial position effect.

关 键 词：系列位置效应 知觉流畅性 自动化加工 意识性加工 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]