液压轴向柱塞泵配流盘气蚀机理  

Cavitation Erosion Mechanism of Port Plate of Hydraulic Axial Plunger Pump

作　　者：刘晓红[1] 于兰英[1] 刘桓龙[1] 柯坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学新型驱动技术中心,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2008年第11期203-208,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2006AA09Z2006)资助项目。

摘　　要：对轴向柱塞泵配流盘进行气蚀试验。在试验条件相同的情况下,根据减压槽处结构不同的配流盘,得到两种截然不同的气蚀破坏结果。针对试验中两种配流盘的配流过程进行计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)解析,得到了配流盘不同位置的速度分布,以及压力、速度随缸体转角的变化曲线:得出配流盘发生气蚀的机理,即气蚀不仅取决于配流盘附近的速度和压力大小,还取决于速度的方向——射流角:提出通过改变配流盘结构,将油液回冲阶段初期的射流角控制在30°～60°内来减少配流盘上气蚀的方法。根据配流盘气蚀产生的机理将油液回冲阶段初期的射流角控制在30°～48°,经过试验,就气蚀破坏来讲配流盘的寿命延长到了原来的4倍多。The port plates of hydraulic axial plunger pumps are tested for cavitation erosion damage, then two port plates, which have some difference near the pressure relief groove, result in different solutions under the same testing condition. Aiming at these two port plates, computational fluid dynamics analysis is done to obtain velocity distribution of port plates at different position, and the curves of pressure and velocity versus the rotating angle of cylinder, then the cavitation erosion mechanism of port plate is obtained, i.e. cavitation erosion not only depends on the values of pressure and velocity nearby the port plate, but also on the velocity direction （impingement angle）. To reduce cavitation erosion damage on high pressure pump port plate, the method is presented that the impingement angle should be restricted in the range of 30°-60°, during the early stage of oil back flushing, by changing the structure of port plate. According to this cavitation erosion mechanism of port plate, the impingement angle is restricted in the range of 30°-48°during the early stage of oil back flushing. Tests in respect of avoiding cavitation erosion damage show that the life of port plate can be prolonged to more than 4 times that of the previous one.

关 键 词：轴向柱塞泵 配流盘 气蚀 计算流体动力学 射流角 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]