麦类作物DNA原位杂交及其在远缘杂种染色体分析中的应用  

Application of DNA in situ Hybridization to Chromosome Analysis in Triticeae[JZ)〗

作　　者：钟少斌[1] 姚景侠[1] 张德玉[1] 李浩兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业生物遗传生理所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1997年第1期33-37,T002,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：应用生物素标记的物种基因组ＤＮＡ探针和克隆的专化性探针，对六倍体小黑麦双二倍体及其杂种和八倍体小麦簇毛麦双二倍体及其杂种进行了染色体ＤＮＡ原位杂交。结果表明，应用这两种探针均可以准确地检测出小麦远缘杂种中的异源染色体和染色体片段。先后对二个六倍体小黑麦双二倍体（Ｂａｄｇｅｒ、Ｍ２Ａ）、一个八倍体小簇麦双二倍体、三个小黑麦易位系（宁麦８０２６、Ａｍｉｇｏ、Ａｐｏｌｏ）、一个小黑麦代换系（８４０５６）和二个小簇麦附加系（９４００９－５－４、９４００９－５－９）进行原位杂交和异源染色体的检测，均获得较好的结果。此外，还讨论了应用生物素标记的探针进行原位杂交可能出现的一些技术问题。Two kinds of biotin labelled probes, genomic DNA and cloned rye repetitive DNA, were used to detect the alien chromosomes in wheat. Using genomic DNA as probes, we were able to detect the occurrence of the Secale cereale and Haynaldia villosa chromosomes in Triticum aestivum×Secale cereale and T. aestivum×H.villosa hybrid plants. We were also able to characterize the alien chromosomes and chromosome segments introduced into wheat cultivars. When the clones pSc119.1 and pSc119.2 carrying rye repetitive DNA were used to hybridize to wheat and rye chromosomes, the results showed that pSc119.1 only hybridized to rye chromosomes while pSc119.2 hybridized to chromosomes of both wheat and rye. The rye chromatins were identified in the wheat cultivars derived from hybrids between wheat and rye by using pSc119.1 as probe.

关 键 词：小麦 黑麦 簇毛麦 异源染色体 DNA 原位杂交 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]