垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融过程中重金属固化特性  

Characterics of heavy metals during melting and solidification of MSWI fly ash

作　　者：田书磊[1,2] 王琪[2] 汪群慧[1] 金晶[3] 胡小英[2] 李润东[4] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]西南大学环境科学与工程系,重庆400716 [4]沈阳航空工业学院清洁能源与环境工程研究所,沈阳110034

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2008年第10期1576-1580,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20577047);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863-2002AA644010)

摘　　要：为探索垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属在熔融过程中的迁移特性,采用燃油式表面熔融炉,对杭州某生活垃圾焚烧厂的焚烧飞灰连续进行了6个多月日处理规模为500kg/d的熔融固化中试实验.采用X射线衍射仪、电感耦合等离子体质谱仪、X射线荧光光谱仪研究不同工艺参数(温度、添加剂、冷却方式)对飞灰中重金属固化率的影响.结果表明:随着温度的升高和添加剂比例的增大,重金属Cu、Zn的固化率显著提高,Pb、Cd和Cr则变化不明显;水冷却方式下,重金属固化率要略大于空气自然冷却.熔融过程中,烟气中常规污染物浓度和二噁英等污染物总毒性浓度均小于标准限值.To investigate the characteristic of heavy metal during the vitrification of municipal solid waste incineration （MSWI） fly ash, a pilot scale experiment was carried out to treat MSWI fly ash from a MSWI plant in Hangzhou City using a diesel oil furnace for more than 6 months. The effects of vitrification processing parameters such as the temperature, the additive （glass dust as a substitute for SiO2 ） and the cooling mode on the chemical composition, microstructure and phases of MSWI fly ahs and molten slag were investigated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X - ray fluorescence spectrometer and X - ray diffraction. The results indicate that： comparing with Pb, Cd and Cr, the residual fractions of Cu and Zn are enhanced greatly with the increase of temperature and the additives proportion ; under water cooling, the residual fractions of all heavy metals are slightly higher than those under the air cooling; during the vitrification, the concentration of the pollutants and dioxin and furans （PCDD/Fs） in flue gas meets the national standard.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧飞灰 重金属 熔融固化 二嗯英 

分 类 号：TU528.571[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]