生物油降解菌的分离鉴定及其在土壤中的降解特性  

Isolation and Identification of a Strain for the Degradation of Biomass-Oil and Its Degradation Properties in Soil

作　　者：胡献国[1,2] 丁恒[1,2] 徐玉福[1] 朱锡锋[3] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [3]中国科学技术大学安徽省生物质洁净能源重点实验室,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2008年第6期182-186,共5页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD34B02);合肥工业大学科学研究与发展基金项目(080204F);合肥工业大学创新基金项目(XS07010)

摘　　要：从造纸厂内废水处理池中采取活性污泥,筛选出一株能高效降解生物油的菌株EL5.对该菌株在土壤中对生物油降解能力进行了初步研究;建立了基于CO2生成量的生物降解测定方法,并运用该方法,对生物油生物降解性能进行了评定.结果表明:①通过富集培养方法分离得到菌株EL5,根据形态特征以及生理化特性分析,将EL5鉴定为杂色曲霉菌(Aspergill versicoir).②菌株EL5对5种常见抗生素敏感.③菌株EL5在降解生物油的过程中,生物降解率与温度呈正相关关系.考虑到实际应用情况,选择30℃为适宜降解温度.pH为中性条件下对生物油的降解较为有利.随着w(生物油)的增加生物降解率有一定的下降,但相同条件下,加菌后30℃下10d对w(生物油)为1200mg/kg的土壤的生物降解率达40%,而未加菌的生物降解率只有6%.④菌株EL5还可以以苯、对氯苯酚、甲苯和二甲苯等芳香类化合物作为唯一碳源生长繁殖.A strain EL5 that can effectively degrade biomass-oil was isolated from sludge collected from the wastewater treatment reservoir of a paper mill. The ability of this strain to degrade biomass-oil in soil was investigated. The results showed that strain EL5 was identified as Aspergill versicoir according to its morphological and physiological-biochemical characterization; strain EL5 was sensitive to five antibiotics; the degradation speed of biomass-oil by strain EL5 was positively correlated to the temperature. In this study, the most suitable temperature was selected as 30 ℃, and the most suitable pH was neutral so as to benefit the degradation of biomass-oil. The degradation rate of biomass-oil decreased with increasing substrate concentration. 40% of the biomass-oil was degraded in soil containing 1 200 mg/kg biomass-oil within 10 d at 30 ℃ ,but only 6% of biomass-oil was degraded under the same conditions without the strain; strain EL5 could grow using benzene, p-chlorphenol, toluene, xylene as the sole carbon sources.

关 键 词：生物油 杂色曲霉菌 生物降解 二氧化碳生成量 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]