人小肠肌间神经丛的形态学观察  

A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON HUMAN INTESTINAL MYENTERIC PLEXUSES

作　　者：蔡文琴[1,2] 曾微[1,2] 武景望 孙榆[1,2] 李巍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学组织学胚胎学教研室 [2]江西医学院解剖学教研室

出　　处：《解剖学报》1997年第4期364-368,I006,共6页Acta Anatomica Sinica

摘　　要：用镀银染色铺片法及常规电镜技术，对人小肠肌间神经丛进行了形态学观察。结果表明：人小肠肌间神经丛由神经纤维束和神经节组成，呈与肠管共同始终的连续网格状结构。神经节细胞形态呈高度的异质性，体积变异大，自１７９．８～３６８１７．６μｍ３，神经细胞平均密度为１３７５个／ｃｍ２。电镜下可见神经节为神经细胞与神经胶质细胞组成的实体，神经细胞胞体包埋于神经细胞与神经胶质细胞突起组成的神经纤维网中，内含多种不同形态突触小泡的神经终末支，以轴－树及轴－体突触较为多见。神经节外无结缔组织被膜，仅有基板及成纤维细胞的突起。肠平滑肌收缩可改变神经节表面的外形，在神经细胞内常见散在或成团的脂褐素。y using the modified Bielschowsky Gross silver impregnation techniques on the stretch preparation of human intestine, the morphology of the neurons within the myenteric plexuses was studied. The results revealed that the myenteric plexuses consist of nerve fasciculi and ganglia. The neurons of the ganglion showed obvious heterogenous. The volume of the neuron varied from 179.8 36817.6μm 3. The average density is around 1375/cm 2. Viewed under the electron microscope, the ganglion displays a compact structure with tightly packed neurons, glial cells and their processes. The neurons are embedded within the neurophil which is composed by the processes of neurons and glial cells. There are different types of nerve terminal endings with various type of synaptic vesicles. They form mainly synapses of the axon somatic and axon dendritic type. The surface of the ganglia is not encapsulated by a connective capsule but lined externally by a thin layer of basal lamina. The slender processes of the fibroblast usually lie outside of the ganglion. The shape of the ganglion can be changed by the construction of the intestinal muscle. Lipofuscin is often observed within the cytoplasm of the neuron.

关 键 词：小肠 肌间神经丛 超微结构 镀银染色 形态学 

分 类 号：R329.85[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]