人体牙齿的显微组织及纳米力学性能  

Microstructure and nano-mechanical property of human tooth

作　　者：宋西平[1] 王昊[1] 张蓓[2] 杨凯[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学应用学院物理系,北京100083 [3]首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院,北京100050

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2008年第6期93-96,共4页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50571017;30600718);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(2042015)

摘　　要：采用光学显微镜、能谱扫描电镜、高分辨透射电镜以及纳米力学探针等设备对人体牙齿的显微组织及纳米力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:牙本质由规则排列的牙本质小管和基质组成,牙釉质由不同方向的釉柱及柱间质组成,牙本质与牙釉质之间有明显的界面;牙釉质中的Ca和P含量明显高于牙本质中的含量,而C含量明显低于牙本质中的含量。牙釉质中发现有大量的磷灰石晶体结构,而牙本质中则明显缺少。力学性能结果显示,牙釉质的纳米硬度平均为4.4 GPa,弹性模量为81 GPa,而牙本质的纳米硬度平均为1.0 GPa,弹性模量为26 GPa。牙釉质高的硬度和弹性模量与含有大量的羟基磷灰石晶体组织有关,Ca和P促进了该晶体组织形成。The microstructures and nano-mechanical properties of dental dentin and dental enamel were studied by means of OM, SEM, HRTEM and nano indentation equipment. The results show that the dental dentin consists of dentinal tubules and dentinal matrix, while the dental enamel is built up by enamel prisms and enamel matrix, and there is an obvious interface between dentin and enamel. It is also found that the content of Ca and P in enamel is higher than that in the dentin, while the content of carbon in enamel is lower than that in the dentin. A large quantity of hydroxyapatite （HA） crystal is found in enamel compared with that in dentin. The nano-hardness and elastic modulus of the enamel are determined to be 4.4 GPa and 81 GPa, respectively, while the nano-hardness and elastic modulus of the dentin are determined to be 1.0 GPa and 26 GPa on the other hand. The higher hardness of enamel is related to the formation of crystal phase of HA structure, and Ca and P have a great contribution to the formation of this structure.

关 键 词：牙釉质 牙本质 显微组织 羟基磷灰石 纳米力学性能 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]