血铅水平与儿童注意力及行为的相关研究  

Correlation of Blood Lead Level with Behaviors and Attention in Children

作　　者：邹时朴[1] 胡淑珍[1] 李维君[1] 范广勤[2] 钟云莺[1] 冯昶[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省儿童医院儿童保健科,南昌330006 [2]南昌大学医学院预防医学系

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2008年第11期1004-1005,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：江西省卫生厅科技计划项目(编号:0301118)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同血铅水平儿童的注意力及行为,为临床防治提供参考依据。方法按照中华预防医学会儿童保健分会制定的儿童期铅污染及损害防治常规,按不同血铅水平将2001-2005年江西省儿童医院儿保门诊健康检查的189名学龄儿童分为4级(1级,2-A级,2-B级,3级)进行比较。用多动-注意力障碍诊断量表及Rutter儿童行为量表及视觉激发电位仪,分别对4组儿童进行测试。结果2-A级以上(轻度以上)铅中毒即可对儿童行为产生影响,发生行为障碍或注意力缺陷多动障碍,各组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且以攻击性行为及注意力缺陷型多见。3级血铅水平儿童神经症行为增加,与其他组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论轻度以上铅中毒可导致儿童行为问题的出现,提示对有攻击性行为、多动注意力障碍等行为问题的儿童应做血铅测试,尽早采取防治措施。Objective To study the effects of blood lead level on behaviors or attention in children, and to provide evidence for prevention of lead pollution. Methods According to the guidelines on prevention and treatment of lead poisoning formulated by Chinese Association of Child Health Care, 189 children were divided into four groups by blood lead level： 1 （ 〈 0.48 μmol/L） , 2 - A （ 0.48 - 0.69 μmoL/L） , 2 - B （ 0.70 - 0.89 μmol/L） and 3 （ 0.9 -2.17 μmol/L）. Behaviors and attention were rated by using the Rutter＇s Child Behavior Scale and the Scale of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder（ADHD） in combination with Flash Visual Evoked Potential（FVEP）. Results Significant difference in behaviors and attention was found among different groups. There was higher percent of abnormal behaviors and ADHD in group 2 and 3 than that in group 1 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Children in group 2 and 3 had significant more symptoms of anti-social and attention deficit behaviors （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Children in group 3 showed more symptoms of nervousness than those in the other groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conchlsion Blood lead level more than 0.48 μmol/L may result in behavioral problems in children. Therefore, children with anti-social behaviors and ADHD should be tested blood lead, and related intervention measures in lead pollution must be taken.

关 键 词：注意力 行为 铅 血液化学分析 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R135.11[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]