甲烷胁迫下不同填埋场覆盖土的氧化活性及其菌群结构  

Effects of Methane Stress on Oxidation Rates and Microbial Community Structures in Different Landfill Cover Soils

作　　者：何若[1] 姜晨竞[1] 王静[1] 高青军[1] 沈东升[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程系,杭州310029

出　　处：《环境科学》2008年第12期3574-3579,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50478083);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5080154);浙江省教育厅项目(20070055)

摘　　要：对比研究了常规填埋场覆盖材料（粘土）和甲烷胁迫下垃圾生物处理后的材料（垃圾土）的甲烷氧化活性及其菌群结构.结果表明,粘土由于持水能力弱,其含水量较低,随着环境温度、降水等条件的变化,极易结块,从而影响其中甲烷氧化菌的生长;而垃圾土富含有机物,持水力强,空隙率高,有利于甲烷氧化菌的生长和繁殖.暴露于甲烷气流120 d后,垃圾土柱中下层土壤的甲烷氧化潜力达到了11.25--13.48μmol/（g.h）,是相应粘土层甲烷氧化潜力的10.4--24.5倍.土柱上层土壤由于水分蒸发、变干,抑制了其甲烷氧化活性.试验结束时,垃圾土柱甲烷氧化去除率达到了48.3%,是粘土柱的5--6倍.甲烷氧化菌TypeⅠ和TypeⅡ的生物标记物PLFAs 16：1ω8c和18：1ω8c分析表明,土样的PLFA18：1ω8c含量与其甲烷氧化潜力具有很好的线性相关性.As compared with the ordinary landfill cover material, clay soil, the effect of methane stress on oxidation rate and microbial community structure was investigated in waste soil （material from biologically treated municipal solid waste）. The results showed that the moisture content of the clay soil was low, due to the low water retaining capacity. As environmental temperature and rainfall changed, the clay soil caked and inhibited methanotrophs growth. However, with a high organic matter, water-holding capacity and porosity, the waste soil provided a favor condition for methanotrophs growth and propagation. After exposure to methane flow for 120 days, methane oxidation potential in the middle and bottom layers of the waste soil column increased to 11.25-13.48 μmol/（ g.h）, which was 10.4-24.5 times higher than that in clay soil column. The topsoils were both found to be dried and inhibit methane oxidation. Methane oxidation （removal） efficiency by the waste soil column reached 48.3 % at the end of the experiment, which was 5-6 times higher than that by the clay soil column. The amounts of the phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） biomarks 16：1ω8c and 18：1ω8c for Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ methanotrophs, respectively, showed that a strong linear relationship was observed between methane oxidation potential and PLFA 18：1ω8c content in soil samples.

关 键 词：甲烷氧化 填埋场覆盖土 菌群结构 磷脂脂肪酸 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]