普通小麦-簇毛麦1V染色体系的选育与鉴定  

Development and Characterization of Wheat-Haynaldia villosa Alien Chromosome with 1V Chromosome

作　　者：曹亚萍[1,2] 陈佩度[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京农业大学细胞遗传研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第6期923-929,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270827);教育部"111"计划项目(B08025)

摘　　要：为了转移和利用簇毛麦1V染色体上的优质基因，用中国春和硬粒小麦簇毛麦双倍体杂交，再用中国春回交，综合运用染色体C分带、荧光原位杂交、高分子量谷蛋白亚基分析和分子标记分析，从BC1F1～BC1F3代中检测到1V染色体系，在BC1F2、BC2F1代中选育出分别涉及簇毛麦1V染色体长臂和短臂的四种染色体结构变异系，包括1VS·W易位系、W·1VL易位系、1VS单端体系和1VL端二体系，为小麦育种创造了新的种质资源。Haynaldia villosa possesses many beneficial traits such as resistance to powdery mildew, leaf and stem rusts, take-all fungus, cereal eyespot, wheat streak mosaic virus, as well as drought tolerance and high protein content in kernels. To transfer and utilize the high quality genes on 1V chromosome of Haynaldia villosa, Triticum durum-Haynaldia villosa amphiploid was crossed to Chinese Spring and hybrids F1 were then backcrossed with Chinese Spring. Chromosome C-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization, high molecular weight glutenin subunits combined with molecular marker analysis were applied to detect 1V and its structure aberrance chromosomes in wheat background. 1V chromosome lines were detected from BC1F1 to BC1F3. Four variants with chromosome structure change of 1V were identified in BC1F3 and BC2F1, including entire arm translocation line 1VS·W and W·1VL, monotelosomic line 1VS and ditelosomic line 1VL, which would be new germ plasm for wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 簇毛麦 1V染色体 易位染色体 端着丝粒染色体 

分 类 号：S512.9[农业科学—作物学] S330