几种水氮模式处理下冬小麦根系生长的差异  

Comparative Study of Root Growth and Distribution of Winter Wheat under Different Models of Irrigation and N Fertilization

作　　者：李志勇[1] 陈明灿[1] 王璞[2] 翟志席[2] MARION Boening Zilkens 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [3]霍恩海姆大学,德国斯图加特70599

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第6期1031-1035,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：中德合作项目(0339712A);国家自然科学基金项目(30070451)

摘　　要：为了给冬小麦水氮管理提供理论依据，以京冬8号为试验材料，采用随机区组设计，研究了4种水氮模式（优化灌溉-传统施肥、传统水肥、秸秆还田-优化水肥、优化水肥、传统灌溉-优化施肥）处理下冬小麦根系生长的差异。结果表明，不同处理间冬小麦0～120cm土层单位面积的根量有差异。与传统水肥相比，传统灌溉-优化施肥0～60cm土层的根系长度有所减少，60～90和90～120cm土层的根系长度分别增加14．62％和73．72％（P〈0．05），总根量略增加；优化灌溉-传统施肥0～30cm土层的根系长度明显增加（P〈0．05），30～60、60～90和90～120cm土层的根系长度分别减少3．52％、6．65％和18．21％，总根量增加；优化水肥和秸秆还田-优化水肥各土层的根量增加。与优化水肥相比，秸秆还田-优化水肥0～60cm土层的根量有所增加，60～120cm土层有所减少。各处理冬小麦根系密度随土层加深而递减的速度大小为优化灌溉-传统施肥〉传统水肥〉秸秆还田-优化水肥〉优化水肥〉传统灌溉-优化施肥。To give information on management of irrigation and N fertilization of winter wheat, effects of four improved irrigation-fertilization models on root growth of winter wheat were investigated in a field experiment in a randomized complete block design. The results showed that, compared with winter wheat under traditional irrigation-traditional fertilization model, for winter wheat under traditional irrigation-optimized fertilization model, root length per unit area in the 0-60 cm soil layer decreased a little, root length per unit area in the 60-90 cm and 90-120 cm soil layer increased by 14.62% and 73.72% respectively （P〈0.05）, and the total amount of root per unit area in the 04120 cm soil layer increased a little. For winter wheat under optimized irrigation-traditional fertilization model, root length per unit area in the 0-30 cm soil layer increased significantly （P〈0.05）, root length per unit area in the 30-60 cm, 60-90 cm and 90-120 cm soil layer decreased by 3. 52%, 6. 65% and 18.21%, and the total amount of root per unit area in the 0-120 cm soil layer increased. For winter wheat under the models of optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization and optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization with crop residues, root systems were well developed, and the amount of root in each soil layer increased. For winter wheat under optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization with crop residues, the amount of root in the 0-60 cm soil layer increased and that in the 60-120 cm soil layer decreased as compared with optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization. Under all the models, root length density and root weight density decreased with the increasing soil depth, and the rates of decline followed in order of optimized irrigation-traditional fertilization model ） traditional irrigation- traditional fertilization model ） optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization model with crop residues optimized irrigation-optimized fertilization model 〉 traditional irrigation-optimized fertilization model.

关 键 词：冬小麦 灌溉 施氮 根系 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311