固定化混合菌修复油污染地表水的研究  

Bioremediation of oil-contaminated surface water using immobilized microbial mixtures

作　　者：张辉[1,2] 李培军[2] 王桂燕[1] V．A．Verkhozina 

机构地区：[1]沈阳药科大学制药工程学院,沈阳110023 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院闵诺格拉多夫地质化学研究所,伊尔库茨克市664033

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2008年第12期1613-1617,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目(2004AA649060);沈阳市环境工程重点实验室基金项目(04002);中俄自然资源与生态环境联合研究中心基金项目

摘　　要：从辽河油田受石油污染的河床底泥中筛选出一株芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp．）和一株黄杆菌（Flavobacterium sp．），采用二次交联化学方法对2株细菌单独及混合固定，分别进行了不同接种量的固定化细菌对油的降解，以及固定化混合菌对环境的耐受性和在自然地表水中对油的降解进行研究，结果表明，在相同时间内固定化混合菌对油的降解效果明显优于固定化单株菌，而且都优于游离菌。固定化混合菌pH在6～10、温度在20～40℃范围内能保持较好的活性。在120h时，固定化混合菌对自然地表水中油的降解率达94．5％，对地表水中COD的去除率达89．6％。扫描电子显微镜分析显示，固定化载体的微观结构适合细菌的生长，固定化混合菌在载体内部形成高密度的菌群。以上的研究为固定化微生物应用于油污染地表水的生物修复提供了一定的理论基础。In this paper, tow kinds of bacterial strains, Bacillus sp and Flavobacterium sp selected from a slow flow riverbed in Liao River Oil Field, were studied. The two bacterium both single and mixture were immobilized in porous spherical beads using diauxic crosslinking method. Effects of their behavior on degrading oil at different inoculation rates and in natural surface water were investigated. The tolerance of the mixture to environment was also studied. The experimental results indicated that during the same period of time the degrading effect to oil of the immobilized mixtures was better than that of immobilized single one, and the free cells show the lowest effect degradation ability. The mixture can keep better activity under the following conditions：temperature 20 - 40 % and pH 6 - 10. The degradation rate of oil and the COD removal rate by immobilized microbial mixture could reach 94.5% and 89.6% , respectively. The scanning electronic microscope （SEM） showed that the bead microstructure was suitable for the growth of mixture bacterium which can form high density of bacterial community. The research provides a basic support for bioremediation of oil-contaminated surface water using the immobilized microbes.

关 键 词：油污染地表水 生物修复 微生物固定化 扫描电子显微镜 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]