鱼类线粒体DNA及其在分子群体遗传研究中的应用  

Mitochondrial DNA and its application to the molecular population genetics of fish

作　　者：袁娟[1] 张其中[1,2] 罗芬[3] 

机构地区：[1]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [2]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州510632 [3]宁德师范高等专科学校生物系福建,宁德352100

出　　处：《生态科学》2008年第4期272-276,共5页Ecological Science

基　　金：重庆市重大科技攻关项目(CSTC;2005AB1009);三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室资助

摘　　要：鱼类是脊椎动物亚门中种属数量最多的类群,分布广泛,起源复杂,拥有丰富的遗传多样性。多种自然和人为因素对鱼类遗传资源存在不同程度的作用,对鱼类生存和进化有重要影响。采用分子手段探讨鱼类遗传资源现状,可为遗传育种、鱼类进化研究和遗传资源保护等提供一定科学依据。以鱼类线粒体DNA(mtDNA)为代表的分子标记技术已被用于研究鱼类群体遗传结构及其与影响因素间的关系。本文综述了鱼类mtDNA的结构特征及其在鱼类分子群体遗传研究中的应用,对了解和运用mtDNA等分子标记研究鱼类群体遗传具有一定参考价值。Fish with most species of vertebrates widely distributes in various water bodies, and holds rich genetic diversity, which plays an important role in survival and evolution of fish. However, fish genetic diversity is seriously affected by various natural and artificial factors in recent years. The researches on present situation of fish genetic diversity by means of molecular markers can lay the foundation for fish genetic breeding, molecular evolution researches and protection of fish genetic resources. Nowadays, the molecular markers including mtDNA, have been applied to studying genetic structure of fish populations and the relationship between the genetic structure and related factors. In the present review, we reviewed the structure, genetic characteristics of mtDNA and its application to the molecular population genetics of fish.

关 键 词：线粒体DNA 鱼类 分子群体遗传学 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学]