文蛤花纹的形态及形成观察  

Morphology and Formation of Stripes in Meretrix meretrix

作　　者：李太武[1] 张安国[1] 苏秀榕[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,宁波315211

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2008年第6期83-87,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家海洋863项目(No.2002AA626020);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目;宁波市科技局项目(No.2004C0163)

摘　　要：通过研究辽宁、山东、浙江、江苏和广西沿海的文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)壳的颜色及花纹特征,发现这些地区的文蛤可以分为2种类型,即花纹明显型和不明显型。辽宁和山东海域的文蛤贝壳表面具有花纹,只有极少数文蛤个体贝壳表面没有花纹;其中1龄个体贝壳表面都具有花纹。江苏地区的文蛤群体中,绝大多数个体的贝壳表面没有花纹,仅有极少数个体贝壳表面具有花纹。浙江地区的文蛤外表与山东文蛤很相似。广西地区的文蛤绝大部分没有花纹分布。外套膜组织装片确定了文蛤外套膜中的黄色素带与贝壳的色泽及花纹有关,黑色素带则与文蛤的生长状态有关,生长速度快的文蛤黑色素带浓而宽。所以,随着文蛤年龄的增长,黑色素带的颜色逐渐减弱直至消失。The clams from different coastal areas are compared according to the feature of figure on the shell. The results show that there are no obvious stripes on the shell of the clams from Guangxi Coast. The clams collected from Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang and Jiangsu coasts are classified into two groups in stripe color and pattern, and the stripes of the calms from Shandong are similar to that from Zhejiang. The microscopic anatomy of mantle of Meretrix meretrix is described through histological technique. The typical structure of the mantle of bivalve consisting of a middle zone and a marginal zone is observed. There are three protuberances in the marginal zone. The mantle is composed of inner epithelium, outer epithelium, connective tissue and muscular fiber. There are pigment cells in the epithelium.

关 键 词：文蛤 外套膜 花纹形成 组织学 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q954[生物学—动物学]