基于遥感的长沙市城市热岛与土地利用/覆盖变化研究  

A REMOTE SENSING IMAGE-BASED STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBAN HEAT ISLAND AND LAND USE/COVER CHANGES IN CHANGSHA CITY

作　　者：历华[1,2] 曾永年[2] 柳钦火[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感应用研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中南大学信息物理工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2008年第4期47-52,I0004,共7页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-313);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730525)

摘　　要：基于多时相Landsat TM/ETM+影像,首先计算长沙市地表亮度温度,然后利用NDVI(归一化植被指数)、MNDWI(改进的归一化水体指数)、NDBI(归一化建筑指数)和NDBaI(归一化裸土指数)4个指数,采用决策树分类方法对长沙市影像进行土地利用/覆盖分类。在此基础上,对长沙市城市热岛的空间分布特征、时空演变特征以及城市热岛与土地利用/覆盖变化和各种影响因子之间的关系进行研究。结果表明,随着长沙市城区范围的不断扩张,城市热岛范围也不断增大;土地利用/覆盖类型的变化会改变地表温度的空间分布,城市用地和裸地是城市热岛强度的主要贡献因素,水体和林地具有较好的降温作用。地表温度与4种归一化指数的回归分析表明,它们之间存在明显的相关性,不同土地利用/覆盖类型的地表温度存在较大差异。In this paper, first, the land surface brightness temperature was retrieved by single channel algorithm based on multi- temporal Landsat TM/ETM ^＋ data, then, NDVI, MNDWI, NDBI and-NDBaI indices were calculated to classify the land use/cover types in the study area by the decision tree method and, finally, the spatial and temporal changes of Urban Heat Island （UHI） and the relationship between UHI and land use/cover change in Changsha City were studied. The results show that the extent of UHI increases with the expansion of the built - up area in Changsha City, that the change of land use/cover types is likely to cause the variation of the spatial distribution of Land Surface Temperature （ LST）, and that the built - up area and the barren land seem to be the major factors responsible for UHI intension, while the water body and the forest land play an important role in reducing LST. Regression analysis shows that there exists a significant correlation between LST and the four indices, and there also exist remarkable LST differences in different land use/cover types.

关 键 词：LANDSAT TM/ETM^+ 城市热岛 土地利用/覆盖变化 地表温度 回归分析 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]