青藏铁路沿线鼠疫控制技术研究  

Research on the technology of plague control both sides of Qinghai-Tibet railway

作　　者：丛显斌[1] 徐成[1] 西绕若登 王祖郧[3] 刘起勇 王玉山[5] 张春华[1] 海荣 马跟东 洛桑群增 王虎[3] 鲁亮 马勇[5] 张贵军[1] 李景中 陈洪舰[3] 孟凤霞 李义明[5] 张雁冰[1] 吕景生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心鼠疫布氏菌病预防控制基地,白城137000 [2]西藏自治区疾控中心 [3]青海省地方病预防控制所 [4]中国疾控中心传染病所 [5]中科院动物所 [6]铁道部劳卫司

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2008年第6期404-408,共5页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：国家"十一.五"攻关项目<青藏铁路沿线鼠疫生态与控制研究>(2004BA718B08)

摘　　要：目的通过研发新型鼠疫流调技术、血清学诊断技术和环保型灭蚤技术,在青藏铁路沿线进行快速诊断鼠疫、精确定位以及进一步的环保型疫区处理,最终达到快速有效控制鼠疫的目的。方法研发和应用"鼠疫监测与疫情GPS应用系统",现场应用环保型獭洞灭蚤技术和现场鼠疫血清学快速诊断初筛技术,制定严密的行政管理综合措施。结果"鼠疫监测与疫情GPS应用系统"在监测和防治工作实践中,尤其在采血点的设置、疫情发生与分布和后续的疫区处理工作等方面发挥了快速、准确和精确的作用;采用圆筒喷雾法实施旱獭洞干灭蚤,药物选择0.2%溴氰菊酯、0.2%氯氰菊酯、2%辛硫磷,用药前洞干蚤阳性率分别为15.8%、23.5%、12.0%,用药后洞干蚤阳性率均为0%;现场调查血清样本IHA阳性率为7.37%,金标试剂阳性率为7.4l%,金标检测试剂和间接血凝试剂检测的符合率为97.10%,检验时间缩短至15min。IHA和金标试剂阳性率差别检验无差异。结论综合的监测和防治技术是有效控制青藏铁路沿线鼠疫的发生和流行的关键,多部门的联合行政管理是鼠疫防治工作的保障和前提。Objective To reach the aim of diagnosing plague rapidly, orientating accurately and treating epidemic districts of environment protected type further to reach the target of control plague fast and effectively by researching and developing investigation technology of new type plague epidemiology, diagnosing technology of serology and killing fleas technology of protecting environment type. Methods Researching and developing and applying plague surveillance and epidemic diseases GPS application system, applying marmot - cave killing fleas technology of protecting environment type on the spot and fast tentative diagnose technology of plague serology and formulating close general administration measures. Results Plague surveillance and epidemic disease GPS application system played the rapid precise role in surveillance and control practice and especially in the collecting blood spots, breaking out and distribution of epidemic diseases and later treating epidemic districts ; Carrying on killing fleas on marmot cave - trunks using round tube spraying with 0.2% Deltamethrin, 0.2% Cypermethrin, 2% Phoxim. Before drugs positive rate of cave - trunks were 15. %, 23.5%, 12.0% and after drugs positive rate of cave - trunks were all 0% ; The positive rate of serum sample IHA was 7.37% on spot investigation and the positive rate of metal signed agents was 7.41%, qualified rate of metal signed agents and IHA were 97.10%, meanwhile, examining time shortened to 15 minutes. The difference between IHA and metal signed agents had no statistics meaning. Conclusions It＇s a key for general surveillance and control technology to control breaking and prevalence of plague effectively on both sides of Qinghai - Tibet railway and It＇s a guarantee and presupposition for many branches combined administration to control plague .

关 键 词：青藏铁路 鼠疫 控制 技术 研究 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]