优化配方的磷酸钙骨水泥/脱钙骨基质颗粒/重组人骨形成蛋白-2复合材料降解性能的影像学和组织学评价  

Imageological and histological assessment of biodegradation properties of CPC/DBM/rhBMP-2 composites with optimal formula

作　　者：任民[1] 文益民[1] 周勇[2] 杨彤涛[2] 范清宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州军区兰州总医院脊柱外科,甘肃兰州730050 [2]第四军医大学唐都医院全军骨肿瘤研究所

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2008年第12期1424-1426,共3页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨磷酸钙骨水泥（CPC）/脱钙骨基质颗粒（DBM）/重组人骨形成蛋白-2（rhBMP-2）复合材料在体内的影像学征象和组织学特征,评价该材料的降解性能。方法预制兔DBM,将其与rhBMP-2充分混匀,真空下形成rhBMP-2/DBM复合物,后者与CPC按DBM∶CPC质量比2∶8的比例制作CPC/DBM/rhBMP-2复合材料,其中含rhBMP-2的量约1.2mg/cm3。将复合材料（A组,n=12）、CPC（B组,n=12）分别植入兔股骨髁部骨缺损和股后肌肉内,于植入后6、12、24周每组各处死4只实验动物,进行X线摄片和组织学观察。结果X线摄片观察显示：A组术后6周植入髁部缺损的材料边缘变得不规则;第12周材料失去原有外形,轮廓变小;第24周材料大部分被吸收,髓腔部分再通。术后6-24周,A组植入肌肉内的复合材料轮廓逐渐变小,密度逐渐减低,B组植入髁部缺损和肌肉内的CPC轮廓、密度均无明显变化。组织学观察显示：A组术后第6周可见编织骨样结构长入植入髁部的复合材料内部;第12周材料内部产生新骨;第24周骨缺损已修复,材料残留少部分未被吸收,大部分被新骨替代。A组术后6-12周可见纤维组织长入植入肌肉内的复合材料内部,第24周仅少部分材料残留未被吸收。B组植入髁部缺损和肌肉内的CPC材料于术后6-12周未见新骨和纤维组织长入,第24周骨缺损部位仍为CPC填充,材料内部未见新骨和纤维组织出现。结论与CPC比较,优化配方的复合材料在体内易降解并容易被自体骨替代。Objective To analyze the radiographical and histological features of implanted composites of decalcified bone matrix （DBM） impregnated with calcium phosphate cement （CPC） and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 （rhBMP-2） in bone defeet, and evaluate its biodegradation properties. Methods By prefabricating the rabbit DBM, the CPC/DBM/rhBMP-2 composites were prepared in a DBM/CPC ratio of 2：8 and the rhBMP-2 content of about 1.2mg/cm^3. Twenty-four rabbits were divided into groups A and B （12 each）. Animals in group A were implanted with the composites in the bone defects at femoral condyle and femoral muscle, and the rabbits in group B CPC was imphinted in the same place. Animals were sacrificed at 6,12 and 24 weeks after operation （4 each）, and the implants were examined radiographically and histologically. Results It was shown by radiography that, in group A, the margin of implants in femoral condyle defects became irregular 6 weeks after operation; the appearance of the implants appeared hazy and shrunken in size 12 weeks after operation; and most of the implant was absorbed and the medullary cavity became partly rediotransparent 24 weeks after operation. The density of the implants in muscles beoame less dense gradually during 6 to 24 weeks after operation. While in group B, the appearance and density of the implants in femoral condyle defects and muscles were not obviously changed during 6-24 weeks after operation. Histological observation showed that, in group A, the interface between the implants in the bone defects was filled with newly formed bone grown into the composites 6 weeks after operation. New bone formed inside the composites 12 weeks after operation, and the bone defect was repaired, and most of the implants were replaced by new bones, with a little portion of it remained 24 weeks after operation. Fibrous tissue was seen to grow into the composites in muscles during 6-12 weeks after operation, and only a little of the composites remained 24 weeks after operation.

关 键 词：磷酸钙骨粘合剂 脱钙骨基质 骨形态发生蛋白质类 生物降解 骨代用品 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]