四川城乡15岁及以上居民高血压流行特征及防治现状  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Status of Hypertension in Residents Aged 15 and Above in Sichuan

作　　者：邓颖[1] 杨文[1] 高亚礼[1] 何君[1] 季奎[1] 张宁梅[1] 袁建国[1] 易光辉[1] 胥馨颖[1] 袁小媚[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2008年第12期968-971,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解四川城乡居民高血压流行特征及防治效果,为科学防治高血压提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在四川省抽取6个县区15岁及以上居民6502名进行血压测量和问卷调查。结果高血压粗患病率为15.52%、标化患病率13.21%;男、女性粗患病率分别为17.04%、14.35%,标化率分别为13.60%、12.90%;城市、农村居民高血压患病率分别为23.90%、11.41%,标化率城市(15.70%)高于农村(11.50%)(χ2=79.04,P<0.01)。高血压患病率随年龄的增长而上升(χ2=798.86,P<0.01),75岁组达最高(53.70%);文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、家庭人均年收入不同,高血压患病率不同。高血压患病率随体质指数、腰围的增加而上升(P<0.01)。15岁及以上居民测压率为31.29%,高血压患者知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为29.92%、26.14%和16.5%,城市高于农村(P<0.01),女性高于男性(P<0.01)。结论四川省高血压流行和防治现状不容乐观,应加大高血压综合防治力度,提高高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率,以降低心脑血管的发病,保护人群健康。Objective To find out the epidemiological features and control status of hypertension in Sichuan, to support the prevention and control work in hypertension scientifically. Methods A total of 6 502 subjects aged ≥ 15 years old , in 6 counties of Sichuan, were selected with stratified multi - stage randomized sampling and investigated by questionaire physical and blood pressure examination. Results The crude and standardized morbidity rates of hypertension were 15.52% and 13.21% in total subjects, 17.04% and 13.60% in men, 14. 35% and 12. 90% in women, 23.90% and 15. 70% in urban area, 11.41% and 11.50% in rural area. The standardized morbidity rate was higher in urban area than rural area （X2 =79.04, P 〈0. 01 ）. The morbidity rate was increased with age （ X2 = 798.86, P 〈 0. 01 ）, which reached the top in the subjects aged 75 and above （53.70%）, and was also increased with BMI and waistline increasing （P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was differences of the morbidity rate between subjects with different culture levels, jobs, marriage status and family incomes per capita. Only 31.29% of the subjects ever received BP measurement. Among the hypertension patients, 29.92% of them were aware of their BP, 26. 14% accepted medication treatment, and 16. 5% had the BP under control. These three percentages in urban area were higher than those in rural area （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, and female were higher than male （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The results indicated that the prevalence status of hypertension in Sichuan and the condition of interventional measures were not well. The programs of compreensive control and treatment measures should be enhanced in Sichuan.

关 键 词：高血压 患病率 知晓 治疗 控制 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]