氟氯氰菊酯对美国杏李园主要害虫群落多样性的影响  

Effects of Cyhalothrin on Mail Pests Community Diversity of US Apricot and Plum Orchard

作　　者：刘军和[1] 禹明甫[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄淮学院农林科学系,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《农药》2008年第12期932-934,共3页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAO57B02);驻马店科技攻关计划(061007)

摘　　要：施用农药氟氯氰菊酯后,美国杏李园李小食心虫、绣线菊蚜和山楂叶螨3种主要害虫的内禀增长力都有所增长。对照区和施药区植食类群的种类和个体数高于捕食类和蜘蛛类。对照区物种种类和数量明显减少,但随着施药时间改变,有上升趋势,多样性水平明显低于对照区,说明药剂对物种的种群有抑制作用,而未受药剂影响的一些物种仍具有较大的优势度,因而使用农药可以大大减少物种的多样性,使类群趋于单一化。施药后物种种类和数量逐渐增加,氟氯氰菊酯可以短时间内降低种间制约能力而使物种稳定性增大,昆虫群落能自动调节向对照区物种数量和种类趋近。施用氟氯氰菊酯防治果园害虫,可降低部分害虫的优势度,使昆虫群落在一定时间内处于稳定状态。The innate capacity for increase of three main pests, Grapholita funebrana, Aphis citricota and Tetranychus viennensis increased using pesticide cyhalothrin. The groups and individuals of phytophagous group were higher than the predatory group and spider group. The numbers groups and individuals decreased significantly in control area, with the application time changes, there is an upward trend, the diversity was lower than the level of control area significantly. Some species had greater dominance, that were not affected by the cyhalothrin, and it can greatly reduce the diversity of species, so that groups tend to a single. The groups and individuals gradually increased after the application. The cyhalothrin could constraint the ability of interspecific competition, and increasing the stability of species, insect communities adjusted automatically to control the groups and individuals near to the control area. It can reduce the dominance of some pests, and keep stable state in a certain period of time, with the cyhalothrin to control the orchard pests.

关 键 词：氟氯氰菊酯 内禀增长力 多样性 稳定性 

分 类 号：S436.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]