电离法测量管道内壁α污染水平初探  

Research on Pipeline Surface Contamination Level Monitoring Using Ionization Chamber

作　　者：谭昭怡[1] 常瑞敏[1] 李烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,绵阳621900

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2008年第6期108-111,共4页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

摘　　要：本文分析了电离室的工作原理,并对其应用于金属管道内表面放射性污染水平测量的可行性进行了探讨。通过电离室饱和工作电压的实验确定、电离收集极大小对收集效率的影响、测量装置探测因子刻度及最小可探测限实验,结果表明:电离法可以对去污后管道内表面纯α污染总活度和平均污染水平进行测量,当工作电压为400 V时,对α核素污染不锈钢和铸铁管道的探测因子均大于6.53×10-15A/Bq,探测限小于1.02×10-2Bq/cm2,满足退役中去污后管道的污染水平判断要求。Based on the operating principle of ionization chamber, adopting contaminated pipe as the electrode of ionization chamber, a measurement device of ionization chamber is designed and manufactured. The saturation voltage curve and detection factor of the measurement device are measured. The results show that the detection factor of the measurement method for stainless steel and cast iron pipe contaminated by α nuclide exceeds 6.53 ×10^-15 A/Bq when the working voltage is 400V. Ionization chamber method is suitable for estimating the contamination level of decontaminated pipes, and can be used todetermine if the pipe is clean or not.

关 键 词：电离室 静电计 管道内表面污染 探测效率 

分 类 号：TL8[核科学技术—核技术及应用]