乐山市江河介质中放射性核素含量调查  

Survey on Content of Radionuclides in Medium From Rivers in Leshan

作　　者：张秀莲[1] 付晓华[2] 贺良国[2] 史文晋[1] 张雨东[1] 江顿涛[1] 董强[1] 

机构地区：[1]乐山市疾病预防控制中心,四川乐山614000 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2008年第6期331-334,共4页Occupational Health and Damage

基　　金：乐山市重点科技计划项目(07SZD172)

摘　　要：目的调查乐山市境内江(河)介质中水源水体总放射性及消落区泥沙和水生植物中放射性核素含量,为核辐射应急预防措施提供科学依据。方法按国家标准规定的检测方法,采用FJ-2603型低本底总α、β弱放射性测量装置进行总α、β放射性测定,及美国ORTEC公司生产的ADCAMTM918型γ谱仪器进行放射性核素分析。结果核设施下游江(河)枯水期水体中放射性比活度总α平均为0.067±0.127Bq/L,总β为0.067±0.038Bq/L。消落区泥沙中天然放射性核素238U、235U、232Th、226Ra、和40K的含量平均分别为42.8、1.6、53.0、47.4、468.7Bq/kg、水生植物平均分别为10.72、0.23、6.23、9.71、1013.9Bq/kg。泥沙中人工放射性核素137Cs含量平均为0.4Bq/kg,水生植物平均为0.18Bq/kg。结论枯水期水源水体中总α放射性比活度与乐山1990年调查结果处于同一水平,总β放射性比活度有所增加。泥沙及水生植物中天然放射性核素含量K>U>Ra(Th。人工放射性核素137Cs有低水平的检出,其活度为世界因核爆等全球沉降水平。Objective To investigate the total radioactivity in water sources and the radionuclide content in sediment of water drawdown area and water plants in border of rivers of Leshan, so as to provide the scientific basis for the prevention measures of nuclear radiation emergency. Methods FJ-2603 low background infirm radioactivity survey system was used to measure α,β radioactivity, and radionuclide was analysed by ORTEC ADCAM^TM 918 ,γspectrometer. Results Along nuclear facility lower reaches, the radioactivity in dry season was： total α 0. 067 ± 0. 127 Bq/L, and total 13 0. 067±0. 038 Bq/L. Sediment in drawdown area, the average natural radionuclides ^238SU, 235 U, ^232Th, ^226Ra, and ^40K were 42.8, 1.6, 53.0, 47.4 and 468.7 Bq/kg, respectively, and 10. 72, O. 23, 6.23, 9. 7I, 1013.9 Bq/kg in aquatic plants. ^137Cs in the sediment had an average of 0. 4 Bq/kg, and 0. 18 Bq/kgin aquatic plants. Conclusion In dry season, water sources total α radioactivity is at the same level with the survey results in Leshan in 1990, but total β radioactivity is increased. The natural radionuclide activity is K 〉 U 〉 Ra 〉 Th in sediment and aquatic plants. Artificial radionuclide ^137Cs has a low level of detection. All these are within the concentration level of world nuclear explosion, and other global settlement.

关 键 词：水源水 总α放射性 总Β放射性 泥沙 水生植物 放射性核素 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]