多效唑拌种配合使用赤霉素对小麦温敏不育系制种性状的影响  

Effect of the combined application of MET in seed dressing and spurting GA_3 on thermo-sensitive male-sterile wheat line in seed production

作　　者：陈世雷[1] 何蓓如[1] 宋喜悦[1] 胡银岗[1] 马翎健[1] 李宏斌[1] 丁朋辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第12期64-68,76,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(2007K02-04-01)

摘　　要：【目的】探索多效唑及赤霉素在杂交小麦制种生产中的作用。【方法】以小麦温敏不育系“A河10”及其恢复系“389”为材料，采用裂区试验设计，以不用激素处理为对照，研究多效唑（75，90，105，120，135，150g／hm。）和赤霉素（0，120g／hm^2，喷药液量375kg／hm^2）2种激素配合使用对不育系生长发育、花器性状、异交结实率和制种产量的影响。【结果】与对照相比，用75～150g／hm^2多效唑拌种，能够使成穗数、株头外露率、雌蕊长度和颖壳张开角度分别增加24．88％～66．51％，0．88％～4．57％，2．64％～6．16％，6．93％～14．35％，从而提高异交结实率和制种产量。与未喷施赤霉素相比，喷施赤霉素后，雌蕊长度显著增加，柱头外露率、颖壳张开角度、异交结实率和制种产量均极显著降低。其中以135g／hm^2多效唑拌种、不喷施赤霉素为最佳处理，其异交结实率和制种产量均最高，分别达到35．63％和2142．0kg／hm^2。【结论】在杂交小麦制种中，可以通过多效唑拌种来优化群体组成及不育系异交特性，增加制种产量，使杂交小麦制种技术更加成熟。[Objective] The study explored the effect of MET in seed dressing and spurting GA3 on the hybrid wheat in seed production. [Method] Take no hormone treatment as CK,the split plot design was used to study the effect of two kinds of hormones ： MET （75,90,105,120,135,150 g/hm2 ） and GA3 （0,120 g/hm2 ,spraying liquid 375 kg/hm2）, on plant character, flower character, outcrossing rate and the hybrid seed yield of the male sterile line by using the material ＇A He 10＇ ,which was the thermo-sensitive malesterile wheat line,and it＇s restorer line ＇389＇. [Result] Compared with the CK, MET in seed dressing with 75--150 g/hm2 could increase the ears 24. 88%-66.51% ,promote the stigma length 2.64%--6.16% ,improve the stigma exsertion rate 0.88%--4. 57% and enhance the angle of grain husk 6.93%--14.35% ,so did the outcrossing rate and seed production. Compared with no spurting GAa, spurting GAa could promote the stigma length significantly, but reduce the stigma exsertion rate.the angle of grain husk.the outerossing rate and seed production significantly or extremely significantly. Therefore,MET in seed dressing with 135 g/ hm2 and no spurting GA3 135 g/hm2 was the best treatment,35.63% in the outcrossing rate and over 2 000 kg/hm2 in the hybrid seed production was obtained. [Co rrclusion] The hybrid seed production can be perfected,thus raising the hybrid seed yield by MET.

关 键 词：多效唑 赤霉素 小麦温敏不育系 制种产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S334.5