新型缓释氮肥肥效及经济效益分析研究  

Study on the fertilizer efficiency and the economic benefit of new slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers

作　　者：常赞[1] 刘树庆[1] 张仲新[2] 张笑归[1] 高如泰[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100037

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2008年第6期59-63,69,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(C2004000332);河北省教育厅博士基金项目(B2003212)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验的方法研究了自制的缓释氮肥在菠菜和樱桃萝卜上的应用效果。通过对蔬菜产量、氮素利用率和硝酸盐含量的分析测定得出:缓释氮肥Ⅰ的肥效最好,经济效益最高。在不同的氮素水平下蔬菜的产量随着施肥量的增加,呈现先增加后减少的趋势,当施肥量达到每盆(2.5 kg土)0.33 g时,产量达到最高,符合肥料的报酬递减率。比较不同氮肥品种可以看出,施用缓释氮肥的蔬菜产量均高于尿素,并且缓释氮肥Ⅰ高于缓释氮肥Ⅱ;氮素利用率随着施肥量的增加而逐渐降低,自制的缓释氮肥的实际效果表现较好,其氮素利用率也高于尿素,并且在第二茬作物中氮素利用率仍然很高;硝酸盐含量随着施肥量的增加而增加;经济效益为缓释氮肥Ⅰ在0.33 g/盆的水平下达到最高。A pot experiment was conducted to study effects of two kinds of slow - release nitrogen fertilizer made by ourselves on the spinach and cherry radish. Through the study of vegetable yields, N utilization ratio and Nitrate content, the results indicated that the best fertilizer effect and most cost-effective was the slow- release nitrogen fertihzer Ⅰ . In different levels of nitrogen, with the increase of fertilizer, vegetable yields showed a trend that increased at the beginning and then decreased, when the fertilization was up to 0.33 g/2.5kg, vegetable yields reached the maximum, which accorded with the reward degression rate of fertilizer. By comparing with different nitrogen fertilizer, it showed that vegetable yields which were used slow-release nitrogen fertilizer were higher than carbamide, and yields of the slow - release nitrogen fertilizer Ⅰ were higher than the slow - release nitrogen fertilizer Ⅱ . With increasing fertilization, nitrogen fertihzer utilization gradually decreased. The better practical effect was slow- release nitrogen fertilizer, and N utilization ratio was higher than carbamide. The utilization of nitrogen fertilizer was quite high in the second crops too. The more fertilization was, the more nitrate content was, and the economic benefit of the slow - release nitrogen fertilizer Ⅰ was highest in 0.33 g/2.5kg level.

关 键 词：缓释氮肥 施肥效应 硝酸盐含量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S145.6[农业科学—肥料学]