三江平原不同水位梯度湿地地上生物量动态特征  

Aboveground biomass dynamics within wetlands along a water level gradient in the Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：郭雪莲[1] 吕宪国[2] 戴国华[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,吉林长春130024 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第5期1739-1742,共4页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-NA-01)

摘　　要：水分条件变化直接影响湿地植物群落的分布及其生产量,为了阐明不同水分条件湿地初级生产力的形成规律,揭示水文格局对湿地生态系统物质生产过程的调控机理,采用收获法研究了三江平原不同水位梯度上的小叶章(Calamagrostics angustifolia)、乌拉苔草(Carex meyeriana)和毛苔草(Carex lasiocarpa)湿地地上生物量的结构动态及其增长速率,结果表明:3类湿地地上及其各器官生物量均呈单峰型变化,小叶章湿地和乌拉苔草湿地地上生物量的峰值出现的时间早于毛苔草湿地,而且小叶章湿地和乌拉苔草湿地各季节地上生物量均大于毛苔草湿地。茎对小叶章湿地地上生物量的平均贡献率与毛苔草湿地相近,均大于乌拉苔草湿地;叶对小叶章湿地地上生物量的平均贡献率与毛苔草湿地相近,均小于乌拉苔草湿地。3类湿地地上生物量的绝对增长率和相对增长率的变化趋势基本相同,但不同阶段绝对增长率和相对增长率值的大小存在差异。3类湿地地上生物量及各组分生物量的季节动态变化均符合抛物线模型,并且各模型拟合精度均较高,R2基本都在0.92以上。In wetlands, water conditions influence on the distribution and productivity of plant community directly. The aboveground biomass dynamics and growth rates of Calamagrostics angustifolia wetland, Carex meyeriana wetland and Carex lasiocarpa wetland along a water level gradient in the Sanjiang Plain were measured with the method of harvesting in sample plots. The objective is to illustrate the formation mechanism of primary productivity in wetlands within different water conditions and provide insight into the mechanism of hydrologic regime constraining the process of productivity. The results showed that their aboveground biomass and their each component biomass all presented the characteristic of single peak changing. The present time of maximum values of aboveground biomass in Calamagrostics angustifolia wetland and Carex meyeriana wetland were earlier than that in Carex lasiocarpa wetland. Moreover, the aboveground biomass of Carex lasiocarpa wetland was always less than Calamagrostics angustifolia wetland and Carex meyeriana wetland during the whole growth season. The structures of aboveground biomass were different in three wetlands, and the percentages of each part biomass in aboveground biomass were also different. The changes of the absolute growth rate and relative growth rate of aboveground biomass were consistent in essence, but the values in different phases were distinctly different in three wetlands. In addition, the non-linear regression analysis showed that the aboveground biornass and their each cmponent biomass in three wetlands all can be described by parabola model and the correlate coefficients were all over 0.92.

关 键 词：湿地 地上生物量 水位梯度 三江平原 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] X524[生物学—普通生物学]