多功能生物催化剂——卤醇脱卤酶的研究进展  

Advances in multi-functional biocatalyst,halohydrin dehalogenases

作　　者：郑楷[1] 汤丽霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学生命科学与技术学院,四川成都610054

出　　处：《化工学报》2008年第12期2971-2977,共7页CIESC Journal

摘　　要：光学纯的环氧化物及β-取代醇是一类高价值中间体,在手性药物及精细化工合成领域具有十分重要的应用前景。卤醇脱卤酶是一类通过分子内亲核取代机制催化邻卤醇转化为环氧化物的脱卤酶,可以高效高选择地催化环氧化物和邻卤醇之间的转化,因而可以用来合成具有光学纯的环氧化物及β-取代醇等化合物。本文着重介绍了卤醇脱卤酶的催化机理及其应用研究进展,并对研究的发展方向提出了一些设想。Optically pure epoxides and a broad range of β-substituted alcohols are valuable synthons and pharmaceutical intermediates. In recent years, the biocatalytic method provides a better way to produce these compounds because of its high chemo-, regio- and stereo-selectivity and mild, environmentally-friendly operation conditions. Halohydrin dehalogenases, occurring in the biodegradation pathways of halogenated compounds, enantioselectively catalyze the nucleophilic displacement of a halogen by a vicinal hydroxyl group in halohydrins to yield epoxides and its reverse reaction. The enzymes display a remarkable catalytic promiscuity by accepting a broad range of non-natural nucleophiles, including azide, nitrite, cyanide and even cyanate and isocyanate. Thus, it provides a useful tool for the production of enantiopure epoxides and β-substituted alcohols. This review focuses on recent developments of halohydrin dehalogenases with respect to their catalytic mechanisms and their applications in biocatalysis. At the same time, some perspectives on future research are also presented.

关 键 词：卤醇脱卤酶 生物催化 亲核试剂 光学纯环氧化物与β-取代醇 

分 类 号：Q814.9[生物学—生物工程]