高酸高钙重质原油延迟焦化装置的设计与运行  

DESIGN AND OPERATION OF DELAYED COKING UNIT FOR PROCESSING HIGH-ACIDITY AND HIGH-CALCIUM HEAVY CRUDE OILS

作　　者：谢崇亮 李胜山 毕治国 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团华东勘察设计研究院,山东省青岛市266071

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2008年第12期15-18,共4页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：在苏丹喀土穆炼油有限公司加工苏丹高酸高钙重质原油的2.2 Mt/a延迟焦化装置的设计中,针对苏丹高酸高钙重质原油轻馏分少、环烷酸和钙含量高的特点,分析了该原油直接进延迟焦化装置加工的必要性和存在的关键技术问题,探讨了工艺流程,提出了原油经换热和脱盐脱钙后进焦化分馏塔分馏,以及相应的防腐蚀、防结焦措施。这些措施如:管道和设备的选材按介质温度等级进行、原油经四级电脱盐脱水脱钙、分馏塔中段循环油作大油气线急冷油、采用双面辐射加热炉、分馏塔下部及放空冷却塔换热板采用鸭嘴型换热板等。装置运行结果表明,各项操作参数和产品质量、能耗等均符合设计要求,设备腐蚀和结焦程度轻微。In the engineering design of the 44 000 b/d delayed coking unit processing Sudan high-acidity and high-calcium heavy crude in Sudan Khartoum Refining Limited Company （KFC）, the necessity and existing key technical issues for processing the above crude by delayed coking unit were analyzed based upon the characteristics of low light fractions and high naphthenic acid and calcium contents of the crude. The process flow was studied and effective measures were presented, such as feeding the crude, after heat exchanging and desahin and decalcification, to the coking fractionator, selecting proper materials for piping and equipment based upon the temperature rating of the media, pre-treating the crude in 4-stage electric desahing and decalcification unit, using middle pumparound of the fractionator as the quench oil for large oil vapor line, installing double-radiation heater and applying duckbill plates for heat exchangers at the bottom of fractionator and vent cooler. The operation showed that the operating parameters, product qualities and energy consumptions are within design specifications. There was little corrosion and coking in equipment.

关 键 词：高酸高钙重质原油 延迟焦化 环烷酸腐蚀 结焦 原油电脱盐 焦化分馏塔 设备材质 苏丹 原油 

分 类 号：TE966[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TQ442.14[化学工程—化学肥料工业]