小麦和牧草上的蚜虫与天敌种群动态及其相互关系  

Multi-population dynamics of aphids and natural enemies on winter wheat and forages and their relationships

作　　者：黄顶成[1,2] 张润志[1,3] 董兆克[1,2] 高凤娟[1,2] 潘国艳[4,2] 欧阳竹[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京100101 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2008年第4期325-330,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：中国科学院<耕地保育与持续高效现代农业试点工程>项目(KSCX1-YW-09-06);中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-N-42);国家科技支撑计划课题(2008BADA5B05)

摘　　要：2008年4月底至6月初在山东禹城调查了小麦和3种牧草上的蚜虫和天敌种群密度。结果表明,麦蚜种群高峰期在5月中旬,寄生蜂和瓢虫的高峰期比蚜虫分别滞后5～10d和15～20d;麦蚜种群增长率与天敌种群密度变化呈负相关,其中与瓢虫的相关性达到显著水平;4月底至5月初小麦抽穗期是麦蚜种群爆发的关键时期,天敌密度低、害益比大是爆发的重要原因;4月底至5月初,牧草上的天敌密度是小麦上的2～3倍。牧草在麦蚜种群生态调控中具有潜在应用价值。Multi-population dynamics of aphids and natural enemies on winter wheat, alfalfa, perfoliate rosinweed and wintergrazer-70, were investigated in Yueheng City, Shandong Province of China. The resuits indicated that ： the peak of multi-population of wheat aphids was in middle May, while that of parasitoids and lady beetles had time lags of 5 -10 d and 15 -20 d respectively; population growth rate of wheat aphids was negatively correlated with natural enemy population densities, and the correlation with lady beetle population density was significant; the heading stage of winter wheat from late April to early May was a key period for outbreak of wheat aphid population which was mainly caused by the low density of natural enemies and large ratio of prey and predator; from late April to early May, the enemy population density on forage was 2 - 3 times higher than that on winter wheat, which implied a potential application of forage to the ecologically-based management of wheat aphids.

关 键 词：麦蚜 天敌 小麦 牧草 种群动态 

分 类 号：S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]