东莞地区中学生自杀行为及其相关因素的流行病学调查  

The epidemiology investigation of suicidal behaviors and its relevant factors among high school students in Dongguan city

作　　者：曾丽萍[1] 程杰[1] 徐锦华[1] 张永平[1] 杨敏[1] 张海平[1] 刘淑惠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属东华医院医务科,东莞523110

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2008年第12期1121-1124,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

基　　金：东莞市科技局科研立项课题（2001008）

摘　　要：目的了解东莞市中学生自杀行为的发生率及产生的相关因素，为心理干预提供依据。方法分层随机整群抽取东莞市3所中学的2474名在校中学生，以不记名方式进行最近1年内关于自杀行为及相关因素的问卷调查。结果近1年有自杀意念的检出率为14．4％；自杀计划行为的检出率为9．5％；因自杀而接受医疗救治的检出率为1．3％；其中女生自杀意念、自杀计划行为高于男生（P〈0．01），不同学校学生自杀意念、自杀计划检查率不同（P〈0．01），有自杀计划行为的中学生症状自评量表各因子分和总分[（201．12±64．74）分]较无自杀计划行为者各因子分和总分[（147．82±43．46）分]高（P〈0．01）；中学生自杀计划行为与家庭和睦、家庭类型、父母教养方式等；是否独生子女、自评学习成绩等；学校因素：在校与老师的关系、在校受威胁、被偷盗有关。有吸烟、饮酒、参加赌博活动、接受黄色宣传等不良行为的中学生自杀计划行为检出率较高。结论中学生各种自杀行为不容忽视，应加强预防中学生自杀行为发生并对其影响因素予以积极干预。Objective To study the prevalence rate of suicide and associated factors in high school students in Dongguan city and provide basis for mental intervention. Methods Total of 2474 students from 3 high schools were studied by anonymous questionnaires about the factors related suicide during one year. Results The rate of suicidal ideation, plan to attempt suicide and accept medical treatment was 14.4% , 9.5% and 1.3% respectively. For the suicidal ideas and suicidal plan, the rate of females was higher than that of males （P〈 0.01 ） , and the rate of different schools were not alike（P〈0.01 ）. The factors scores and the sum scores（201.12 ±64.74） of SCL-90 were higher in students who had made suicidal plan than who hadn＇ t（ 147.82 ± 43.46） （P 〈 0.01 ）. The suicidal behaviors related to family peaceful relations, the types of family, upbringing pattern of parents, only child, study scores of self-evaluation and school factors （relation with teachers, being threaten or being stolen in school in the past year） etc. The rate of made suicidal plan was higher in the students who had bad behaviors such as smoking, drinking, gambling, contacting pornography etc. than the students who hadn＇ t. Conclusion More attention should be paid to various types of the suicidal behavior among high school students. Many measures should be taken ahead to reinforce their mental health education and to positively interfere with its affected factors.

关 键 词：自杀 中学生 影响因素 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]