近10年北京市生活饮用水污染突发事件分析  

Analysis on emergencies by contamination of drinking water in recent 10 years in Beijing

作　　者：丛泽[1] 刘永泉[2] 时福礼[3] 马文军[1] 郭春晖[3] 张宝元[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部,100037 [2]北京市海淀区卫生局 [3]北京市海淀区卫生局卫生监督所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2008年第6期590-592,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解北京市范围内发生的各类生活饮用水污染突发事件的情况，为防治生活饮用水污染突发事件提供依据。方法搜集近10年来北京市范围内发生的各类生活饮用水污染突发事件案例，分析其流行病学特征。结果化学性污染仍然占据比较大的比例（42％）；但生活性污染的危害更大，引起发病的水污染事件中，生物性污染占78．9％；6～9月份是生活饮用水污染突发事件的高发时期；供水管网和水箱间（泵房）不符合卫生要求、消毒设施缺乏或未正常使用、私改管线等是生活饮用水污染突发事件发生的主要原因。结论要控制生活饮用水污染突发事件，需要加强有毒化学物的监管，着力控制生物性生活饮用水污染突发事件，尤其是6～9月份，加强供水管网、水箱间、消毒设施的使用和维护，严格控制私改管线。Objective To know the situations of livelihood drinking water pollution emergency accidents in Beijing and provide scientific foundations for prevention of the livelihood drinking water pollution emergency accidents. Method Collect the cases of livelihood drinking water pollution emergency accidents in Beijing from 1996 - 2006 and analyze the epidemiologieal characteristics. Results Chemical pollutions still have a large proportion（42 % ） ;but the biological pollutions have more serious hazards,in the pollution accidents which cause diseases, the biological pollutions have a proportion of 78.9 % ;from June to September are the outbreak periods of biological pollutions. The main causes of livelihood drinking water pollution emergency accidents are that the water supply network and the pump house can＇t meet the health requirements, the disinfection devices are lacked or not used normally and the pipelines are personally changed. Conclusions In order to prevent livelihood drinking water pollution emergency accidents, we must reinforce the supervision of toxic chemical, exert ourselves to control biological pollutions especially from June to September, reinforce the usage and maintenance of water supply network, pump house and disinfection devices and strictly control the personal changes of pipelines.

关 键 词：生活饮用水污染 突发事件 分析 

分 类 号：R123.5[医药卫生—环境卫生学]