医务人员职业暴露HBV危险因素评估及分析  

Risk Factors of Occupational Exposure of HBV among Medical Staff:An Appraisal and Analysis

作　　者：张兴华[1] 徐凤霞[1] 王沐荣[1] 彭学叶[1] 丁砚生[1] 吕东晓[2] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊市人民医院感染办,山东潍坊261041 [2]潍坊医学院临床医学系,山东潍坊261041

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2008年第12期1742-1744,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的研究职业暴露乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的危险因素及防护措施,降低血液职业暴露的风险。方法通过1352人医护人员的问卷调查,对问卷中的43个问题进行分析,采用Logistic回归分析法找出危险因素和防护措施。结果71人职业暴露HBV,56人有针刺伤或锐器伤史;针刺伤或锐器伤、血溅皮肤黏膜、工作年限长是职业感染HBV的危险因素;感染控制知识、防护意识、洗手、戴手套、戴护目镜是保护因素。结论减少意外针刺伤或锐器伤、接种疫苗、使用防护用品、提高防护意识对医务工作人员减少职业HBV暴露起着重要作用。OBJECTIVE To study the risk factors and protection measures for the occupational exposure to HBV, and reduce the occupational exposure risk of blood. METHODS A survey was carried out among 1352 medical staff. And then we carried on the analysis to 43 questions of it and used Logistic regression analytic method to find out the risk factors and protective measures. RESULTS Seventy one persons had occuptional exposure risk to HBV and 56 persons had needle puncture wound or sharp wound. The risk factors included needle puncture wound or sharp wound, blood contaminated skin and mucous membrane, and the long working life. While knowledge of infection control, protection consciousness, washing hands, using gloves, and wearing glasses were the protective factors. CONCLUSIONS It plays the vital role to reduce occupational exposure to HBV that the medical staff should reduce injury in work, vaccinate the HBV vaccine, use protection goods and raise the protection consciousness.

关 键 词：职业暴露 乙型肝炎病毒 危险因素 职业防护 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]