广州市红树林和滩涂湿地生态系统与大气二氧化碳交换  

CO_2 exchanges between mangrove-and shoal wetland ecosystems and atmosphere in Guangzhou

作　　者：康文星[1] 赵仲辉[1] 田大伦[1] 何介南[1] 邓湘雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第12期2605-2610,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：湖南省城市森林生态重点实验室项目(06FJ3083);广州市林业局重点资助项目(2005-07)

摘　　要：在生物量调查和土壤温室气体排放量测定基础上,对广州市红树林和滩涂湿地生态系统与大气CO2交换进行研究,分析湿地植被净生产力吸收CO2的能力和不同积水状态下(常年积水、间歇积水、无积水)湿地碳汇功能.结果表明:红树林湿地植被净生产力吸收CO233.74t.hm-2.a-1,土壤排放CO2(包括CH4折算成CO2的温室效应量)12.26t.hm-2.a-1,湿地每年净吸收大气CO221.48t.hm-2,说明红树林湿地是一个强的碳汇;滩涂湿地植被净生产力吸收CO28.54t.hm-2.a-1,土壤排放CO25.88t.hm-2.a-1,排放CH40.19t.hm-2.a-1,若按碳素折算,湿地每年吸收大气中碳素2.33t.hm-2,土壤排放碳素1.74t.hm-2包括(CH4中的碳),系统净固定碳0.59t.hm-2,说明滩涂湿地是一个弱的碳汇,若将CH4的温室效应折算成CO2量,则土壤排放CO29.78t.hm-2.a-1,排放比吸收多1.24t.hm-2.a-1,对大气温室效应而言,滩涂湿地是一个弱碳源;常年积水下排放的温室气体主要是CH4,无积水下排放的温室气体主要是CO2;常年积水湿地碳汇功能最大,无积水湿地碳汇功能最小.Based on the investigation of biomass and the measurement of CO2 and CH4 fluxes, the CO2 exchanges between mangrove- and shoal wetland ecosystems and atmosphere in Guangzhou were studied, and the CO2 absorption capability of the wetlands vegetation net productivity as well as the carbon sink function of the wetlands under different waterlogged conditions （ perennial, intermittent, and no water-logging） was analyzed. As for mangrove wetland ecosystem, its vegetation net productivity absorbed 33.74 t · hm-^2 · a^-1 of CO2, and soil emitted 12. 26 t · hm^-2 · a^-1 of CO2（including the greenhouse effect amount of CH4 converted into that of CO2 ）, illustrating that mangrove wetland had a 21.48 t · hm^-2 . a^-1 net absorption of CO2, being a strong earbon sink. For shoal wetland ecosystem, its vegetation net productivity absorbed 8.54 t · hm^-2 . a^-1 of CO2, and soil emitted 5.88 t · hm^-2 · a^-1 of CO2 and 0. 19 t · hm^-2 · a^-1 of CH4. If converting into carbon, the wetland absorbed 2.33 t C · hm^-2 . a^-1, and soil emitted 1.74 t C ·hm^-2 . a^-1 （ including the earbon in CH4）, illustrating that shoal wetland fixed 0. 59 t C · hm^-2 · a^-1, being a weak carbon sink. If the greenhouse effect amount of CH4 was converted into that of CO2, the soil emitted 9.78 t · hm^-2 · a^-1 of CO2, which was 1.24 t · hm^-2 . a^-1 more than the absorption. As a result, shoal wetland was a weak carbon source. Between the two test greenhouse gases, CH4 was the main one emitted under perennial water-logging, while CO2 was that under no water-logging. Moreover, the wetland under perennial water-logging had the strongest carbon sink function, while that under no water-logging was in adverse.

关 键 词：湿地生态系统 红树林CO2 CH4 碳汇功能 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]