狭义干蘑属(蘑菇目)概要及新的系统学处理(英文)  

Synopsis and Systematic Reconsideration of Xerula s. str. (Agaricales)

作　　者：王岚[1] 杨祝良[1] 张丽芳[1] MUELLER G.M 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室,云南昆明650204 [2]美国芝加哥费尔德自然历史博物馆植物研究室

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2008年第6期631-644,共14页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.30470010 and 30525002);the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KSCX2-YW-G-025);the Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography,Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.0806371111);the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2005DKA21006)

摘　　要：对狭义干蘑属(Xerulas.str.)的范围进行了重新界定,该属仅包括模式种干蘑(X.pudens)及其周围的几个种。属的特征是担子果金钱菌状,有假根;菌盖及菌柄表面干燥,被有黄色至褐色直立、披针形的刚毛;菌褶边缘无不育带;子实层有近梭形的小担子。这些特征可以将干蘑属的物种从干蘑属-小奥德蘑属复合群中分开。现知干蘑属包含六种,本文提供了这些种的检索表,并对各种进行了描述、图示或讨论。其中,硬毛干蘑(X.strigosa)是一新种,它与干蘑(X.pudens)和中华干蘑(X.sinopudens)相似,但与干蘑不同在于其担孢子较长,锁状联合稀少,侧生囊状体顶端壁薄;与中华干蘑的区别在于其侧生囊状体壁厚,顶端有头状至近头状膨大并覆盖有结晶,担孢子宽椭圆形至椭圆形。中华干蘑和小刺干蘑(X.setulosa)分别为我国和哥斯达黎加的新记录种。干蘑属虽然广布北半球,但未见东亚-美洲或欧亚广布的物种分布类型。The genus Xerula s. str. has been revised and is circumscribed as an assemblage of taxa strictly around the type of the genus, X.pudens. The collybioid basidioma with a pseudorhiza; the dry surfaces of the pileus and the stipe covered with erect, lanceolate, yellow to brown, thick-walled setae; the subacerose basidioles in the hymenium and the fertile lamellar edge delimit Xerula species from other taxa of the Xerula-Oudemansiella complex. Currently, Xerula contains six species. A key to the species, descriptions, illustrations or discussions of the taxa are provided. Xerula strigosa represents a new species resembling X. pudens and X. sinopudens. Xerula sinopudens and X. setulosa are records new to China and Costa Rica respectively. Although Xerula is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, no species of it has an East Asian-American or European-Asian distribution pattern.

关 键 词：生物地理学 命名 物种多样性 分类 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学]